College of Chemical and Material Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, PR China.
College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Dec 10;851(Pt 2):158117. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158117. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the wide environmental presence of 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonates (6:2 Cl-PFAES) and p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (PFNOBS). However, data on the bioaccumulation and trophic magnification of these emerging poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in subtropical marine environment is still limited. In this study, seawater (n = 17), sediment (n = 14), and marine organism (27 species; n = 177) samples were collected from East China Sea, and analyzed them for legacy and emerging PFASs. Besides perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), 6:2 Cl-PFAES was always among the predominant PFASs detected in seawater, sediment, and marine organism. For emerging PFASs, 6:2 Cl-PFAES (mean ± SD, 3.1 ± 0.17), 8:2 Cl-PFAES (3.3 ± 0.35), and PFNOBS (3.3 ± 0.19) had lower bioaccumulation factors (BAF) than PFOS (3.4 ± 0.22) in marine fish. In crab, PFNOBS (3.7 ± 0.33) had a lower biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) than PFOS (3.9 ± 0.45). In snail, among all detected PFASs, PFNOBS (4.0 ± 0.42) had the highest mean log BSAF value. 8:2 Cl-PFAES consistently had a higher log BSAF value than 6:2 Cl-PFAES in snail and crab. Notably, these differences in BAF and BSAF are not significant. Among PFASs, 6:2 Cl-PFAES (2.3; 95 % confidence interval, CI: 1.9-2.6) displayed the highest trophic magnification factor (TMF). PFNOBS had the lowest TMF value (1.8, 95 % CI: 1.4-2.1), but which still indicates its weak biomagnification through the current marine food web. This is the first study reporting the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of PFNOBS in marine organisms, which deepens the understanding of its environmental behavior in the marine ecosystem.
已有大量证据表明，6:2 氯代全氟醚磺酸（6:2 Cl-PFAES）和对全氟壬基苯氧基苯磺酸盐（PFNOBS）广泛存在于环境中。然而，关于这些新兴的多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFASs）在亚热带海洋环境中的生物积累和营养级放大的数据仍然有限。本研究采集了来自东海的海水（n = 17）、沉积物（n = 14）和海洋生物（27 种；n = 177）样本，对其进行了传统和新兴 PFASs 的分析。除了全氟烷基羧酸和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）外，6:2 Cl-PFAES 始终是海水中、沉积物中和海洋生物中主要的 PFASs 之一。对于新兴的 PFASs，6:2 Cl-PFAES（平均值 ± 标准差，3.1 ± 0.17）、8:2 Cl-PFAES（3.3 ± 0.35）和 PFNOBS（3.3 ± 0.19）在海洋鱼类中的生物积累因子（BAF）均低于 PFOS（3.4 ± 0.22）。在蟹类中，PFNOBS（3.7 ± 0.33）的生物-沉积物积累因子（BSAF）低于 PFOS（3.9 ± 0.45）。在螺类中，在所检测到的所有 PFASs 中，PFNOBS（4.0 ± 0.42）的平均 log BSAF 值最高。在螺类和蟹类中，8:2 Cl-PFAES 的 log BSAF 值始终高于 6:2 Cl-PFAES。值得注意的是，这些 BAF 和 BSAF 的差异并不显著。在 PFASs 中，6:2 Cl-PFAES（2.3；95%置信区间，CI：1.9-2.6）显示出最高的营养级放大因子（TMF）。PFNOBS 的 TMF 值最低（1.8，95%CI：1.4-2.1），但这仍然表明其在当前海洋食物网中生物放大作用较弱。这是首次报道 PFNOBS 在海洋生物中的生物积累和生物放大的研究，加深了对其在海洋生态系统中环境行为的理解。
