Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fisheries Resources of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Nov 25;797:149052. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149052. Epub 2021 Jul 19.
Following the global phase out of perfluorooctane sulfate (PFOS), chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonates (Cl-PFAESs) and p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzenesulfonate (PFNOBS) have emerged as novel PFOS substitutes. However, until now, limited data is available on their occurrence and environmental behaviors in the marine environment. Here, seawater and sediment samples were collected from East China Sea and analyzed for Cl-PFAESs, PFNOBS, and perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs; including their branched isomers) to investigate their concentrations, potential sources, and sediment-seawater partitioning behaviors. Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and PFOS were consistently the predominant PFAAs in seawaters and sediments. Branched PFOA and PFOS isomers were consistently much less frequently detected in sediments than that in seawaters. Linear PFOA contributed 92-95% of total PFOA in seawaters, suggesting the great contribution of telomerization PFOA. 6:2 Cl-PFAES was detected in all seawaters (concentration, 0.58-47 pg/L) and in the majority of sediments (<LOD-28 pg/g). PFNOBS was observed in 46% of seawater samples (concentration, <LOD-5.2 pg/L) and 66% of sediment samples (<LOD-1.7 pg/g). Spatial distribution trend suggested the riverine input as an important source of PFAAs and 6:2 Cl-PFAES in this sampling area. 6:2 Cl-PFAES (log K, 2.6 ± 0.36) and PFNOBS (2.7 ± 0.33) had comparable mean log-transformed sediment-seawater partitioning coefficients (log K) to PFOA (2.5 ± 0.32) or PFOS (2.8 ± 0.49), indicating their long-range transport potential in global oceans with ocean currents. Overall, this study provides the first data on occurrence and partitioning behaviors of 6:2 Cl-PFAES and PFNOBS in the marine environment.
继全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）在全球范围内逐步淘汰之后，氯代多氟烷基醚磺酸盐（Cl-PFAESs）和全氟壬基苯氧基磺酸盐（PFNOBS）已成为新型 PFOS 替代品。然而，到目前为止，关于它们在海洋环境中的存在和环境行为的信息仍然有限。本研究采集了东海的海水和沉积物样本，对其中的 Cl-PFAESs、PFNOBS 和全氟烷基酸（PFAAs；包括其支链异构体）进行了分析，以研究它们的浓度、潜在来源和在沉积物-海水间的分配行为。在海水和沉积物中，全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOA）和 PFOS 一直是主要的 PFAAs。支链 PFOA 和 PFOS 异构体在沉积物中的检出频率始终明显低于在海水中的检出频率。线性 PFOA 占海水中总 PFOA 的 92-95%，表明 telomerization PFOA 的贡献巨大。所有海水（浓度为 0.58-47 pg/L）和大部分沉积物（<LOD-28 pg/g）中均检测到 6:2 Cl-PFAES。在 46%的海水样品（浓度为<LOD-5.2 pg/L）和 66%的沉积物样品（<LOD-1.7 pg/g）中检测到 PFNOBS。空间分布趋势表明，河流输入是该采样区域中 PFAAs 和 6:2 Cl-PFAES 的重要来源。6:2 Cl-PFAES（log K，2.6 ± 0.36）和 PFNOBS（2.7 ± 0.33）与 PFOA（2.5 ± 0.32）或 PFOS（2.8 ± 0.49）的平均对数转化后的沉积物-海水分配系数（log K）相当，表明它们具有通过洋流在全球海洋中长距离迁移的潜力。总的来说，本研究提供了海洋环境中 6:2 Cl-PFAES 和 PFNOBS 的存在和分配行为的首批数据。
