Quiclet Charline, Armand Martine, Dubouchaud Hervé, Vial Guillaume, Fontaine Eric, Batandier Cécile, Couturier Karine
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, LBFA, U1055, UFR STAPS, Grenoble, France; LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, Université Paris Saclay, Evry, France.
Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2022 Dec;1867(12):159223. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159223. Epub 2022 Aug 17.
The perinatal exposome can modify offspring metabolism and health later in life. Within this concept, maternal exercise during gestation has been reported modifying offspring glucose sensing and homeostasis, while the impact of such exercise during lactation is little-known. We thus aimed at evaluating short- and long-term effects of it on offspring pancreatic function, assuming a link with changes in breast milk composition. Fifteen-week-old primiparous female Wistar rats exercised during lactation at a constant submaximal intensity (TR) or remained sedentary (CT). Male offspring were studied at weaning and at 7 months of age for growth, pancreas weight, glycemia and insulin responses. Milk protein content was determined by the bicinchoninic acid assay (BCA colorimetric method), and lipid content and fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. Mature milk from TR rats contained significantly less saturated (-7 %) and more monounsaturated (+18 %) and polyunsaturated (PUFA +12 %) fatty acids compared to CT rats, with no difference in total lipid and protein concentrations. In offspring from TR vs CT mothers, fasting glycemia was lower, pancreas weight was higher with a lower insulin content (-37 %) at weaning. Such outcomes were correlated with milk PUFA levels and indices of desaturase or elongase activities. These effects were no longer present at 7 months, whereas a more efficient muscle insulin sensitivity was observed. Maternal training during lactation led to a specific milk phenotype that was associated with a short-term impact on glucose homeostasis and pancreatic function of the male offspring.
围产期暴露组可在后代成年后改变其新陈代谢和健康状况。在此概念中，已有报道称孕期母体运动可改变后代的葡萄糖感知和内稳态，而哺乳期这种运动的影响却鲜为人知。因此，我们旨在评估其对后代胰腺功能的短期和长期影响，假设其与母乳成分变化有关。15周龄的初产雌性Wistar大鼠在哺乳期以恒定的次最大强度运动（TR组）或保持 sedentary（CT组）。对雄性后代在断奶时和7月龄时进行生长、胰腺重量、血糖和胰岛素反应方面的研究。采用二辛可宁酸测定法（BCA比色法）测定乳蛋白含量，通过气相色谱法测定脂质含量和脂肪酸组成。与CT组大鼠相比，TR组大鼠的成熟乳中饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低（-7%），单不饱和脂肪酸（+18%）和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA +12%）含量增加，总脂质和蛋白质浓度无差异。在TR组与CT组母亲的后代中，断奶时空腹血糖较低，胰腺重量较高，胰岛素含量较低（-37%）。这些结果与母乳PUFA水平以及去饱和酶或延长酶活性指标相关。7月龄时这些影响不再存在，然而观察到肌肉胰岛素敏感性更高。哺乳期母体训练导致了一种特定的乳汁表型，这与对雄性后代葡萄糖内稳态和胰腺功能的短期影响有关。
