Department of Economics and Business Administration, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
Department of Education, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel.
Work. 2022;73(3):1075-1083. doi: 10.3233/WOR-211151.
Over the years, persons with disabilities have suffered unjustifiably due to a low employment rate, largely the result of unsupportive and negative attitude from employers. Such attitudes are exacerbated during periods of economic stress, with a case par excellence being the current COVID-19 pandemic. Prior studies have addressed common concerns of employers within the workplace. However, the dimensions of these concerns extend beyond the internal working environment, to the outward-facing work environment, involving interactions with customers and suppliers. These concerns have not, thus far, been properly addressed.
To develop the Service from People With Visual Impairment (SPVI) psychometric measure, a 6-item employers' attitude assessment tool.
This study is based on 1,036 questionnaires collected using Online Panel Data (OPD), from managers who have hiring authority. We performed Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for discriminant and convergent validity. Finally, we present an empirical model comprising a stable single factor and establish predictive validity using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).
CFA showed good fit to the observed data; CMIN/DF = 1.94, p > 0.05, CFI = 1, TLI = 0.99, NFI = 1, RMSEA = 0.03. SEM showed good fit; CMIN/DF = 1.91, CFI = 1, TLI = 0.99, NFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.03.
The results suggest that the instrument could become a pragmatic tool to assess employer attitudes to employ people with visual impairment or blindness due to external work environment concerns. The tool is relevant to a wide range of circumstances, including economic downturns. Practical considerations are discussed.
多年来，由于残疾人就业率低，雇主普遍存在不支持和消极的态度，导致他们遭受了不公正的待遇。在经济压力时期，这种态度更加恶化，目前的 COVID-19 大流行就是一个典型的例子。先前的研究已经解决了雇主在工作场所内的常见问题。然而，这些问题的范围不仅限于内部工作环境，还涉及到面向外部的工作环境，包括与客户和供应商的互动。到目前为止，这些问题还没有得到妥善解决。
开发服务于视障人士（SPVI）的心理计量测量工具，这是一种 6 项雇主态度评估工具。
本研究基于使用在线面板数据（OPD）从具有招聘权的经理那里收集的 1036 份问卷。我们进行了探索性因素分析（EFA），然后进行了验证性因素分析（CFA），以验证判别和收敛效度。最后，我们提出了一个包含稳定单一因素的实证模型，并使用结构方程建模（SEM）来建立预测效度。
CFA 对观测数据拟合良好；CMIN/DF=1.94，p>0.05，CFI=1，TLI=0.99，NFI=1，RMSEA=0.03。SEM 显示拟合良好；CMIN/DF=1.91，CFI=1，TLI=0.99，NFI=0.99，RMSEA=0.03。
结果表明，该工具可以成为一种实用的工具，用于评估雇主对外工作环境相关的雇佣视障或失明人士的态度。该工具适用于广泛的情况，包括经济衰退。讨论了实际考虑因素。
