Frick T W, Dalo S, O'Leary J F, Runge W, Borner J W, Baraniewski H, Dressel T, Shearen J G, Goodale R L
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1987 Mar-Apr;7(4):1-11.
The organophosphate insecticide Diazinon has been reported to cause acute pancreatitis in dogs. Based on histochemical examination of the acinar tissue, it was suggested that pancreatic tissue-fixed butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is the target enzyme of organophosphate toxicity. To further evaluate this theory, we exposed dogs, cats, and guinea pigs to a single sublethal dose of the organophosphate insecticide Diazinon (75 mg/kg). In cats, which lack pancreatic BuChE, no pathological changes occurred after two, three, and six hours, whereas in the guinea pigs as in dogs, both having abundant pancreatic BuChE, vacuolization of the acinar cells, interstitial edema and vasculitis indicate acute edematous pancreatitis as early as two hours. Atropine pretreatment (0.2 mg/kg) gave complete protection against pancreatitis. It was concluded that inhibition of pancreatic BuChe leads to cholinergic hyperstimulation of the acinar cell, which results in acute pancreatitis, and that pancreatic BuChE is essential for dogs and guinea pigs to downregulate cholinergic excitation. The insecticide pancreatitis model is considered a simple, non-invasive, reproducible, and cheap and useful method to evaluate early changes and methods of treatment in acute pancreatitis. Pancreatitis in humans has also been reported after accidental insecticide exposure.
据报道，有机磷杀虫剂二嗪农可导致犬类急性胰腺炎。基于腺泡组织的组织化学检查，有人提出胰腺组织固定的丁酰胆碱酯酶（BuChE）是有机磷毒性的靶酶。为了进一步评估这一理论，我们给犬、猫和豚鼠单次给予亚致死剂量的有机磷杀虫剂二嗪农（75毫克/千克）。在缺乏胰腺BuChE的猫中，两小时、三小时和六小时后均未出现病理变化，而在豚鼠和犬中，二者胰腺均有丰富的BuChE，早在两小时就出现腺泡细胞空泡化、间质水肿和血管炎，提示急性水肿性胰腺炎。阿托品预处理（0.2毫克/千克）可完全预防胰腺炎。得出的结论是，胰腺BuChe的抑制导致腺泡细胞胆碱能过度刺激，从而引发急性胰腺炎，并且胰腺BuChE对于犬和豚鼠下调胆碱能兴奋至关重要。该杀虫剂胰腺炎模型被认为是一种简单、无创、可重复、廉价且有用的方法，用于评估急性胰腺炎的早期变化和治疗方法。意外接触杀虫剂后人类胰腺炎也有报道。
