Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark.
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg 1871, Denmark.
Trends Plant Sci. 2022 Dec;27(12):1231-1241. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.07.008. Epub 2022 Aug 18.
Plant polysaccharides are components of plant cell walls and/or store energy. However, this oversimplified classification neglects the fact that some cell wall polysaccharides and glycoproteins can localize outside the relatively sharp boundaries of the apoplastic moiety, where they adopt functions not directly related to the cell wall. Such polysaccharide multifunctionality (or 'moonlighting') is overlooked in current research, and in most cases the underlying mechanisms that give rise to unconventional ex muro trafficking, targeting, and functions of polysaccharides and glycoproteins remain elusive. This review highlights major examples of the extramural occurrence of various glycan cell wall components, discusses the possible significance and implications of these phenomena for plant physiology, and lists exciting open questions to be addressed by future research.
植物多糖是植物细胞壁的组成部分和/或储存能量。然而，这种过于简单的分类忽略了一个事实，即一些细胞壁多糖和糖蛋白可以定位于质外体部分的相对尖锐边界之外，在那里它们发挥与细胞壁没有直接关系的功能。多糖的这种多功能性（或“兼职”）在当前的研究中被忽视了，而且在大多数情况下，导致多糖和糖蛋白非常规的胞外运输、靶向和功能的潜在机制仍然难以捉摸。本文重点介绍了各种糖细胞壁成分胞外存在的主要例子，讨论了这些现象对植物生理学可能具有的重要意义和影响，并列出了未来研究中需要解决的令人兴奋的开放性问题。
