Glaucoma Fellow, VST Centre for Glaucoma Care, Dr. Kallam Anji Reddy campus, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Faculty, VST Centre for Glaucoma Care, Dr. Kallam Anji Reddy campus, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2023 Jan;38(1):44-51. doi: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2112701. Epub 2022 Aug 20.
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness across the world. Early detection is important to minimize the loss of visual function. The diagnostic tools, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and standard automated perimetry (SAP) form the keystones of the diagnosis and monitoring of the condition. However, the ability of these tools to diagnose early forms of glaucoma is limited. Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology that could help to overcome this limitation. AO technology can detect slightest changes occurring at the cellular level by compensating for ocular aberrations.
We searched PubMed for publications between 2002 and 2019 on adaptive optics in Ophthalmology. The key words were adaptive optics, lamina cribrosa, retinal nerve fiber layer defects, scanning laser ophthalmoscope and OCT.
Out of 38 publications, 17 original articles or case series with relevance to glaucoma, and written in English were selected and reviewed.
The AO technology, combined with various platforms such as fundus photography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and OCT, has been used in glaucoma patients to study the lamina cribrosa, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), retinal photoreceptors as well as ocular circulation in minute detail. Imaging the subtle changes in morphology and reflectivity of RNFL at the preclinical stage may lead to early detection of glaucoma. Longitudinal monitoring of RNFL alterations in glaucoma patients is possible. At present, the technology is expensive with limited availability, and has several limitations.
青光眼是全球范围内导致不可逆性失明的主要原因之一。早期发现对于最大限度地减少视觉功能丧失非常重要。诊断工具，光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和标准自动视野计（SAP）是诊断和监测该疾病的关键。然而，这些工具诊断早期青光眼的能力有限。自适应光学（AO）技术可以帮助克服这一限制。AO 技术可以通过补偿眼像差来检测细胞水平上发生的最细微变化。
我们在 PubMed 上搜索了 2002 年至 2019 年期间关于眼科自适应光学的出版物。关键词是自适应光学、筛板、视网膜神经纤维层缺陷、扫描激光检眼镜和 OCT。
在 38 篇出版物中，选择并回顾了 17 篇与青光眼相关的原创文章或病例系列，均为英文撰写。
AO 技术与眼底照相、扫描激光检眼镜和 OCT 等各种平台相结合，已用于青光眼患者研究筛板、视网膜神经纤维层（RNFL）、视网膜光感受器以及眼部循环的细微变化。在临床前阶段对 RNFL 形态和反射率的细微变化进行成像可能有助于早期发现青光眼。可以对青光眼患者的 RNFL 改变进行纵向监测。目前，该技术昂贵且可用性有限，并且存在一些限制。
