Sajjad Barka, Farooqi Nifasat, Rehman Bushra, Khalid Ibtissam B, Urooj Namra, Sajjad Saad, Mumtaz Anam, Tariq Talha, Iqbal Khan Amina, Parvaiz Muhammad Asad
Breast Surgery/Surgical Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK.
Breast Surgery, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, PAK.
Cureus. 2022 Jul 19;14(7):e27028. doi: 10.7759/cureus.27028. eCollection 2022 Jul.
Objective The objective of this study is to determine any association between mammographic density (MD) and breast cancer in Pakistani population. The study will also investigate relationship between mammographic breast density, clinical characteristics, and molecular tumor markers of the disease. Methods A retrospective review of data was carried out from January 2020 to December 2020 with stage 0-3 patients with histologically proven breast cancer included in the study. Mammograms were reviewed and density grade was recorded in accordance with "Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS)" guidelines. Patient age, tumor, and receptor characteristics were studied and their association with mammographic density was investigated by using chi-square test. P-value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 361 patients were included with a mean age of 46 years. The frequencies of BIRAD categories were as follows: category A: 8.9%, category B: 43.2%, category C: 33.5%, and category D: 14.4%. Cumulative frequency of categories B and C was 76.7%. There is a statistically significant p-value ≤0.05 association observed between age, estrogen receptors (ER) status, and T-stage versus MD. Also, majority of our patients were in T-stage category 2 or 3, which can easily be picked on mammogram. Conclusion Most of the breast cancer patients in our population had a mammographic density of B or C, indicating that breast cancer is more common in dense breasts. Strong significant association of mammographic density with age, ER status, and tumor stage was found in our population. Future studies need to address and confirm MD and its association with subtypes and aggressiveness of breast cancer.
目的 本研究的目的是确定巴基斯坦人群中乳腺钼靶密度（MD）与乳腺癌之间的任何关联。该研究还将调查乳腺钼靶乳房密度、疾病的临床特征和分子肿瘤标志物之间的关系。方法 对2020年1月至2020年12月的数据进行回顾性分析，研究纳入组织学确诊为乳腺癌的0-3期患者。根据“乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BIRADS）”指南对乳腺钼靶片进行评估并记录密度分级。研究患者年龄、肿瘤及受体特征，并通过卡方检验调查它们与乳腺钼靶密度的关联。P值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果 共纳入361例患者，平均年龄46岁。BIRAD分类的频率如下：A类：8.9%，B类：43.2%，C类：33.5%，D类：14.4%。B类和C类的累积频率为76.7%。年龄、雌激素受体（ER）状态和T分期与MD之间存在统计学意义的P值≤0.05的关联。此外，我们的大多数患者处于T分期2或3期，这在乳腺钼靶片上很容易被发现。结论 我们人群中的大多数乳腺癌患者乳腺钼靶密度为B或C，表明乳腺癌在致密型乳房中更常见。在我们人群中发现乳腺钼靶密度与年龄、ER状态和肿瘤分期有很强的显著关联。未来的研究需要探讨并证实MD及其与乳腺癌亚型和侵袭性的关联。
