Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Dansk Miljøanalyse (Danish Environmental Analysis), Skelstedet 5, Trørød, 2950, Vedbæk, Denmark.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 115, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Oct 15;311:119974. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119974. Epub 2022 Aug 19.
The interest in tire wear particles (TWPs), generated from abrasion of tires, have gained traction over the past few years, both in regards to quantifying particulate emissions, leaching of different compounds, toxicity, and analytical methods. The life of a tire, from cradle to end-of-life, crosses over different scenarios during its lifetime and transcends environmental compartments and legislative areas, underlining the need for a collective approach. Sustainability for a tire encompasses the use of raw materials, recycling of raw materials, circular economy and material sourcing. The tire industry is currently making significant efforts towards a greener and more sustainable production considering reduction of CO-emissions, recycling, material sources and implementing the use of biomass from plants rather than oil-derived alternatives. In this paper, we aim to analyze and discuss the need for environmental regulation of tires in order to provide a series of targeted recommendations for future legislation. Our study shows that the numerous regulations related to tires focus on chemicals, manufacturing, raw materials, use of tires on roads, waste handling, safety and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different life cycle stages of a tire. However, none directly addresses the contribution of TWPs to the environment. Despite the overall good intentions of the existing regulations, there is a lack of focus on the compounds that partition from the tire and disperse in the environment, their mixture effects, and the transformative products from the parent compounds in the environment. Therefore, a renewed focus is needed on risk assessment of complex mixtures like TWPs. Thus, transparency in regard to use of chemicals in TWP, mixtures, minimization of emissions, and capture of particulate pollution should be a priority.
轮胎磨损颗粒（Tire Wear Particles，TWPs）作为轮胎磨损产生的物质，近年来引起了人们的广泛关注，主要涉及颗粒排放的量化、不同化合物的浸出、毒性以及分析方法等方面。轮胎的使用寿命从摇篮到报废，跨越了其生命周期中的不同场景，并涉及环境介质和立法领域，这突显了需要采取集体方法的必要性。轮胎的可持续性包括原材料的使用、原材料的回收、循环经济和材料来源。轮胎行业目前正在朝着更绿色、更可持续的生产方向努力，考虑减少 CO 排放、回收、材料来源以及实施使用植物来源的生物质替代石油衍生替代品。在本文中，我们旨在分析和讨论轮胎的环境监管需求，为未来的立法提供一系列有针对性的建议。我们的研究表明，与轮胎相关的众多法规主要涉及化学品、制造、原材料、轮胎在道路上的使用、废物处理、安全和轮胎生命周期不同阶段的多环芳烃（PAHs）。然而，没有法规直接针对 TWPs 对环境的贡献。尽管现有法规的总体意图良好，但法规缺乏对从轮胎中分离并分散在环境中的化合物、它们的混合物效应以及环境中母体化合物的转化产物的关注。因此，需要重新关注 TWPs 等复杂混合物的风险评估。因此，TWPs 中化学品的使用、排放的最小化以及颗粒污染的捕获方面的透明度应成为优先事项。
