Razumnikova Olga, Bakaev Maxim
Psychology and Pedagogy Department, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia.
Automated Control Systems Department, Novosibirsk State Technical University, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia.
J Intell. 2022 Aug 2;10(3):52. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence10030052.
Despite the lasting interest towards the relationship between intelligence and creativity, comparably less attention is paid to its age-related changes. Our paper considers the organization of fluid intelligence and psychometric indicators of creativity and is based on the experimental data obtained for children aged 11 ( = 99) and for young adults ( = 77). We used two figural and verbal tasks with and without time limit. We found that the age-related differences in creativity are dependent on the context and the type of testing. The young adults were different from the children, having higher indicators of verbal and figurative creativity, except for the originality of the drawings created within the Incomplete Figures test, and having considerably higher test results for fluid intelligence. These age-related differences, together with the discovered closer relationship between the creativity indicators in the young adults group compared to the children, might suggest insufficient contribution of the components of the executive control of information selection (inhibition, shifting, and updating), which had not fully formed in eleven-year-olds. The comparison of the various indicators of creativity suggests that the most complex task for the children was the composition of an original sentence by joining nouns from various semantic categories.
尽管人们一直对智力与创造力之间的关系感兴趣，但对其与年龄相关的变化关注相对较少。我们的论文探讨了流体智力的组织以及创造力的心理测量指标，并基于对11岁儿童（n = 99）和年轻人（n = 77）获得的实验数据。我们使用了两个有时间限制和无时间限制的图形和语言任务。我们发现，创造力方面与年龄相关的差异取决于测试的背景和类型。年轻人与儿童不同，他们在语言和形象创造力方面得分更高，但在不完整图形测试中创作的绘画的原创性除外，并且在流体智力测试中得分要高得多。这些与年龄相关的差异，以及与儿童相比在年轻人组中发现的创造力指标之间更紧密的关系，可能表明信息选择执行控制（抑制、转换和更新）的组成部分贡献不足，而这些在11岁儿童中尚未完全形成。对各种创造力指标的比较表明，对儿童来说最复杂的任务是通过连接来自不同语义类别的名词来组成一个原创句子。
