Lavoie Audrey, Dubé Véronique
Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Université de Montréal Marguerite-d'Youville Research Chair on Humanistic Nursing Interventions, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Interact J Med Res. 2022 Aug 23;11(2):e37315. doi: 10.2196/37315.
With the aging of the population and rising rates of chronic diseases, web-based interventions could be considered to support older adults in adopting healthy lifestyles. To date, published knowledge syntheses have focused on quantitative studies among older adults aged ≥50 years. However, those aged ≥65 years may have different needs to be met by these interventions because of the biological and physiological changes associated with aging, and qualitative studies could help advance knowledge in this field.
The objective of this scoping review is to explore the extent of the literature on web-based interventions aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles among people aged ≥65 years.
A scoping review was conducted based on the framework proposed by Levac et al. Six databases (ie, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Joanna Briggs Library) and gray literature (ie, Google Scholar and OpenGrey) were searched. The final search was conducted on June 23, 2021. The studies were selected by 2 persons (AL and ML) independently. The included studies were systematic reviews and qualitative and quantitative studies focusing on web-based interventions to promote healthy lifestyles in people aged ≥65 years that were published in French or English between 1990 and 2021. Data were extracted in a table and synthesized based on the conceptualization of web-based interventions (ie, according to the use parameters, behavior change techniques, delivery modes, and theories). A thematic analysis was performed.
In total, 20 articles were included in this review, which represents studies focused on 11 distinct interventions. All of the interventions (11/11, 100%) aimed to promote physical activity among older adults. The number of intervention sessions varied from 5 to 16, with a frequency from daily to once every 2 weeks. Diverse delivery modes such as electronic diary, video, and phone call were found. The most used behavior change techniques were instruction, feedback, and self-monitoring. Few interventions (6/11, 55%) were based on a theory. A favorable trend was observed in increasing physical activity, and 5 themes emerged that appeared to be central to behavior change among older adults: motivation, support, tailoring, barriers, and perceptions.
This scoping review provides a better understanding of the components of web-based interventions and their outcomes on the healthy lifestyles of people aged ≥65 years. These findings could provide important guidance for the design and development of future web-based interventions in this field. Further research is needed to continue the development and evaluation of innovative and accessible interventions to promote healthy lifestyles among older adults.
INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/23207.
随着人口老龄化和慢性病发病率的上升，可以考虑通过基于网络的干预措施来支持老年人采取健康的生活方式。迄今为止，已发表的知识综合研究主要集中在对年龄≥50岁的老年人进行的定量研究。然而，由于与衰老相关的生物学和生理变化，年龄≥65岁的老年人可能有不同的需求需要通过这些干预措施来满足，而定性研究有助于推动该领域的知识发展。
本范围综述的目的是探讨关于旨在促进年龄≥65岁人群健康生活方式的基于网络的干预措施的文献范围。
根据Levac等人提出的框架进行范围综述。检索了六个数据库（即MEDLINE、CINAHL、PsycINFO、科学引文索引、Cochrane系统评价数据库和乔安娜·布里格斯图书馆）以及灰色文献（即谷歌学术和OpenGrey）。最终检索于2021年6月23日进行。由两人（AL和ML）独立选择研究。纳入的研究为系统评价以及定性和定量研究，重点是1990年至2021年期间以法语或英语发表的旨在促进年龄≥65岁人群健康生活方式的基于网络的干预措施。数据以表格形式提取，并根据基于网络的干预措施的概念化（即根据使用参数、行为改变技术、交付模式和理论）进行综合。进行了主题分析。
本综述共纳入20篇文章，这些文章代表了针对11种不同干预措施的研究。所有干预措施（11/11，100%）旨在促进老年人的身体活动。干预课程的数量从5节到16节不等，频率从每天到每两周一次。发现了多种交付模式，如电子日记、视频和电话。最常用的行为改变技术是指导、反馈和自我监测。很少有干预措施（6/11，55%）基于理论。在增加身体活动方面观察到了有利趋势，并且出现了5个主题，这些主题似乎是老年人行为改变的核心：动机、支持、个性化、障碍和认知。
本范围综述有助于更好地理解基于网络的干预措施的组成部分及其对年龄≥65岁人群健康生活方式的影响。这些发现可为该领域未来基于网络的干预措施的设计和开发提供重要指导。需要进一步研究以继续开发和评估创新且易于获得的干预措施，以促进老年人的健康生活方式。
国际注册报告识别号（IRRID）：RR2-10.2196/23207。
