Tavangar Fateh, Ghaedamini Harouni Gholamreza, Noorbala Ahmad Ali, Nosrati Nejad Farhad, Mohammadi Gharehghani Mohammad Ali, Rafiey Hassan
Department of Social Welfare Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran.
Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2022 Mar 16;36:22. doi: 10.47176/mjiri.36.22. eCollection 2022.
Socioeconomic status is one of the most important social determinants of the formation of stressful events. The purpose of this study was to estimate the amount of inequality in experiencing stressful events among higher and lower socio-economic groups and zones of Tehran citizens. The study was descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional. Through a multistage sampling method, 5895 adult residents in Tehran were selected. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire designed to measure stressful events in Tehran, which includes 11 dimensions of stressful factors. Concentration index and concentration curves were used to analyze the data. Among the 11 stressful life events, 6 of them were significant. Stress by the neighborhood problems (CI = -0.47, 95% CI: -0.66, -0.28) and living problems (CI = -0.50, 95% CI: -0.68, -0.32) was pro-rich, and these two dimensions formed the greatest inequality between the poor and the rich. The other 3 dimensions of stress caused by housing problems, political problems and fear of the future were also pro-rich. Only educational problem stressors were pro-poor. Stressful life event experience was concentrated on residents of low-development areas (zones 1 and 2). Residents of Tehran experience stressful events unequally, and this inequality exists both within and between social groups. Most stressful events were observed among the poor and less developed zones.
社会经济地位是压力事件形成的最重要社会决定因素之一。本研究的目的是评估德黑兰市民中高、低社会经济群体及区域在经历压力事件方面的不平等程度。该研究为描述性分析横断面研究。通过多阶段抽样方法，选取了5895名德黑兰成年居民。研究工具是研究者自制的旨在测量德黑兰压力事件的问卷，其中包括11个压力因素维度。采用集中指数和集中曲线对数据进行分析。在11种压力生活事件中，有6种具有显著性。邻里问题导致的压力（集中指数=-0.47，95%置信区间：-0.66，-0.28）和生活问题导致的压力（集中指数=-0.50，95%置信区间：-0.68，-0.32）有利于富人，这两个维度在穷人和富人之间形成了最大的不平等。住房问题、政治问题和对未来的恐惧导致的其他3个压力维度也有利于富人。只有教育问题压力因素有利于穷人。压力生活事件的经历集中在低发展地区（1区和2区）的居民身上。德黑兰居民经历压力事件存在不平等，这种不平等在社会群体内部和群体之间都存在。大多数压力事件在贫困和欠发达地区被观察到。
