Noorbala Ahmad Ali, Rafiey Hassan, Alipour Fardin, Moghanibashi-Mansourieh Amir
Psychosomatic Medicine Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Social Welfare Management Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2018 Apr;13(2):94-102.
Nowadays stress and tensions are among the most important factors affecting health. Identifying the stressors and their determinants provides substantial information for understanding the health of the community. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on citizens over 18 years who were living in all 22 districts of Tehran in 2017. The participants were selected using multistage cluster sampling method. The research tool was a checklist that evaluated various factors. Different statistical tests, such as descriptive tests and logistic regression, were used for data analysis. Of the participants, 82.7% experienced at least 1severe stress during the past year. In the last year, 45.6% of the participants had at least 1severe economic stress, 32.3% had at least 1severe family-related stress, 28.8% had at least 1severe health-related stress, and 25.7% experienced at least 1severe future-related stress. The most common psychosocial stressors experienced in the last year were concerns about personal/family future (53.7%), concerns about the financial and economic future (47.1%), and the high cost of living (41.7%). However, the most severe stresses were due to the participants' concerns about family health (14.4%), personal/family futures (13.2%), and financial and economic future (12.7%). Furthermore, health status, subjective socio-economic status, and age were the most important predictors of severe stress experiences. It is necessary to take actions to reduce the prevalence of common severe stresses. In addition, psychologists, psychiatrists, counselors, and social workers need to provide stress management interventions carefully to their patients.
如今，压力和紧张是影响健康的最重要因素之一。识别压力源及其决定因素为了解社区健康提供了大量信息。这项描述性横断面研究于2017年对居住在德黑兰所有22个区的18岁以上公民进行。参与者采用多阶段整群抽样方法选取。研究工具是一份评估各种因素的清单。数据分析使用了不同的统计测试，如描述性测试和逻辑回归。在参与者中，82.7%在过去一年中经历过至少一次严重压力。去年，45.6%的参与者至少经历过一次严重的经济压力，32.3%至少经历过一次严重的家庭相关压力，28.8%至少经历过一次严重的健康相关压力，25.7%经历过至少一次严重的未来相关压力。去年经历的最常见的心理社会压力源是对个人/家庭未来的担忧（53.7%）、对金融和经济未来的担忧（47.1%）以及高生活成本（41.7%）。然而，最严重的压力是由于参与者对家庭健康的担忧（14.4%）、个人/家庭未来（13.2%）以及金融和经济未来（12.7%）。此外，健康状况、主观社会经济地位和年龄是严重压力经历的最重要预测因素。有必要采取行动降低常见严重压力的患病率。此外，心理学家、精神科医生、顾问和社会工作者需要为他们的患者精心提供压力管理干预措施。
