Haghdoust Zahra, Masoumi Gholamreza, Khorasani Zavareh Davoud, Ebadi Abbas, Moslehi Shandiz
Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2022 Mar 14;36:21. doi: 10.47176/mjiri.36.21. eCollection 2022.
Various factors are involved in the occurrence and prediction of road traffic crashes (RTCs). The most important of these are human factors that can be influenced by the sociocultural characteristics of the drivers. This research aimed at identifying the socio-cultural factors (SCFs) in car drivers affecting the RTCs. In the present study, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Cochran Library, Magiran, Irandoc, Noor magas, Islamic World Science Citation Center, and Scientific Information Database were searched from 1990 to August 20th, 2021; key journals, the reference lists of the included studies, gray literature, websites of relevant organizations were manually reviewed. Studies that reviewed the effect of SCFs related to car drivers in the incidence or prediction of road traffic crashes were included and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results were expressed based on the PRISMA guideline. The quality of the included studies was assessed using related checklists. Eighty-four eligible studies were determined from a systematic search and entered into the analysis process. Studies are presented that SCFs affecting the occurrence of RTCs fall into four categories, including (1) sociodemographic characteristics, (2) personality traits, (3) driver behavior (driving style), (4) driver performance (driving skills). In most studies, SCFs have been examined in frames of social-demographic characteristics and risky driving behaviors. While, the impact of personality traits and driver performance, which are very important factors on RTCs, has not been addressed. Therefore, investigating the impact of these factors in occurring RTCs is crucial.
道路交通事故（RTC）的发生和预测涉及多种因素。其中最重要的是人为因素，这些因素会受到驾驶员社会文化特征的影响。本研究旨在确定影响道路交通事故的汽车驾驶员社会文化因素（SCF）。在本研究中，检索了1990年至2021年8月20日期间的Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、ProQuest、谷歌学术、Cochran图书馆、Magiran、Irandoc、Noor magas、伊斯兰世界科学引文中心和科学信息数据库；对关键期刊、纳入研究的参考文献列表、灰色文献、相关组织的网站进行了人工审查。纳入并分析了那些回顾了与汽车驾驶员相关的社会文化因素对道路交通事故发生率或预测影响的研究，并采用主题内容分析法进行分析。结果根据PRISMA指南进行表述。使用相关清单评估纳入研究的质量。通过系统检索确定了84项符合条件的研究并进入分析过程。研究表明，影响道路交通事故发生的社会文化因素可分为四类，包括（1）社会人口统计学特征，（2）人格特质，（3）驾驶员行为（驾驶风格），（4）驾驶员表现（驾驶技能）。在大多数研究中，社会文化因素是在社会人口统计学特征和危险驾驶行为的框架内进行研究的。然而，人格特质和驾驶员表现这两个对道路交通事故非常重要的因素的影响尚未得到探讨。因此，研究这些因素在道路交通事故发生中的影响至关重要。
