Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Debre Tabor Zone Health Office, Debre Tabor, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2019 Mar 9;24(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12199-019-0772-1.
Road traffic injury is one of the persistent public health challenges in most regions of the world, representing substantial human and economic losses. Annually, about 1.25 million lives are lost, whereas 50 million suffer from road traffic injuries globally. It has been shown that over 60% of the reasons for traffic injuries are a risky driving behavior (RDB). Despite the problem's pervasiveness, there is a paucity of information about level and factors influencing RDB among professional car drivers in Bahirdar city, northwest Ethiopia.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2016. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 376 participants. A self-administered driver behavior questionnaire (DBQ) was used for data collection. We performed a binary logistic regression analysis to investigate the associations of variables. Potential confounders were controlled using a multivariable logistic regression model. We ascertained the significance at < 0.05 p value and evaluated strength of associations using crude odds ratios (COR) and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
A total of 361 drivers participated (response rate, 96%). The mean age was 34 (standard deviations ± 7.97) years. The majority, 98.9% (N = 357), were males. The level of risky driving behavior and road traffic crashes were 79.4% (95% CI 75.92, 83.97) and 16.3% (95% CI 15.91, 24.84), respectively. Average monthly salary [AOR 2.04; 95% CI (1.23, 2.74)], driving experience [AOR 2.72; 95% CI (1.07, 6.89)], distance driven per year [AOR 2.06; 95% CI (1.13, 4.10)], and previous history of involvement in traffic crashes [AOR 2.30; 95% CI (1.15, 7.35)] were significantly associated with risky driving behavior.
The study shows that risky driving behavior is common among professional car drivers in the study setting. Therefore, it is strongly advisable for policy makers and other stake holders to devise strategies that consider working conditions, like monthly salary and driving experiences. The study also suggests that it is often advisable to reduce the distance driven per year and learn from implications of previous history of involvement in traffic crashes.
道路交通伤害是世界上大多数地区持续存在的公共卫生挑战之一，造成了巨大的人力和经济损失。每年约有 125 万人丧生，而全球有 5 亿人遭受道路交通伤害。研究表明，60%以上的交通事故原因是危险驾驶行为（RDB）。尽管这个问题普遍存在，但在埃塞俄比亚西北部的巴赫达尔市，关于专业汽车司机的 RDB 水平和影响因素的信息却很少。
这是一项 2016 年 2 月至 3 月进行的基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术选取 376 名参与者。使用驾驶员行为问卷（DBQ）进行数据收集。我们进行了二元逻辑回归分析来研究变量之间的关联。使用多变量逻辑回归模型控制潜在的混杂因素。我们确定了 < 0.05 的显著性 p 值，并使用粗比值比（COR）和调整比值比（AOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）评估关联的强度。
共有 361 名驾驶员参与（应答率为 96%）。平均年龄为 34 岁（标准差 ± 7.97）。大多数男性（98.9%，N=357）。危险驾驶行为和道路交通碰撞的水平分别为 79.4%（95% CI 75.92，83.97）和 16.3%（95% CI 15.91，24.84）。平均月薪[比值比（AOR）2.04；95%可信区间（1.23，2.74）]、驾驶经验[AOR 2.72；95% CI (1.07, 6.89)]、每年行驶里程[AOR 2.06；95% CI (1.13, 4.10)]和以前涉及交通事故的历史[AOR 2.30；95% CI (1.15, 7.35)]与危险驾驶行为显著相关。
研究表明，在研究环境中，职业汽车司机的危险驾驶行为很常见。因此，政策制定者和其他利益相关者强烈建议制定考虑工作条件（如月薪和驾驶经验）的策略。该研究还表明，减少每年行驶的里程并从以前涉及交通事故的历史中吸取教训通常是明智的。
