Shu Runhang, Uy Laurice, Wong Adam Chun-Nin
Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Curr Res Insect Sci. 2021 Dec 16;2:100026. doi: 10.1016/j.cris.2021.100026. eCollection 2022.
Animals confined to different dietary conditions often exhibit distinct, sometimes contrasting, nutritional phenotypes and performance outcomes. This is especially true for many oviparous insects whose developmental diets can vary depending on the mother's egg-laying site selection. Much research on the relationship between preference and performance in insects has focused on larval success, which overlooks the complexities of dietary effects on diverse performance parameters across life stages and potential trade-offs between those parameters. Furthermore, the connection between diet-induced nutritional phenotype and performance trade-offs is not well understood. Here, using , we quantify multiple performance indices of larvae and adults reared on five host fruits of different protein-to-sugar ratios (P:S) which have previously been shown to differ in attractiveness to fly foraging and oviposition. Our results demonstrate robust diet-specific performance trade-offs, with fly fecundity, larval development time, pupal size, and adult weight superior in flies reared on the high P:S raspberry diet, in contrast to the low P:S grape diet; but the reverse was found in terms of adult starvation resistance. Notably, the contrasting performance trade-offs are readily explained by the fly nutritional phenotype, reflected in the protein and energy (glucose and lipid) contents of flies reared on the two fruits. Together, our results provide experimental evidence for metabolic plasticity of reared on different fruits and the possibility of using adult nutritional phenotype as a marker for diet and performance outcomes.
处于不同饮食条件下的动物通常会表现出不同的，有时甚至是相反的营养表型和生长结果。对于许多卵生昆虫来说尤其如此，其发育饮食可能因母体产卵地点的选择而有所不同。关于昆虫偏好与生长之间关系的许多研究都集中在幼虫的生长成功上，这忽略了饮食对不同生命阶段各种生长参数的影响的复杂性以及这些参数之间潜在的权衡。此外，饮食诱导的营养表型与生长权衡之间的联系还没有得到很好的理解。在这里，我们使用……，对在五种不同蛋白质与糖比例（P:S）的寄主果实上饲养的幼虫和成虫的多个生长指标进行了量化，这些寄主果实先前已被证明对果蝇觅食和产卵的吸引力不同。我们的结果表明了强大的饮食特异性生长权衡，与低P:S的葡萄饮食相比，在高P:S的树莓饮食上饲养的果蝇，其繁殖力、幼虫发育时间、蛹大小和成虫体重更优；但在成虫抗饥饿能力方面则相反。值得注意的是，这种相反的生长权衡很容易通过果蝇的营养表型来解释，这反映在以这两种果实饲养的果蝇的蛋白质和能量（葡萄糖和脂质）含量上。总之，我们的结果为在不同果实上饲养的……的代谢可塑性以及使用成虫营养表型作为饮食和生长结果的标志物的可能性提供了实验证据。
