Reyes-Ramírez Alicia, Belgaidi Zaïnab, Gibert Patricia, Pommier Thomas, Siberchicot Aurélie, Mouton Laurence, Desouhant Emmanuel
UMR 5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS, VetAgro Sup, Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne Cedex France.
UMR 1418, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, INRAE, CNRS, VetAgro Sup Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne Cedex France.
Ecol Evol. 2023 Aug 25;13(8):e10433. doi: 10.1002/ece3.10433. eCollection 2023 Aug.
The effects of density are key in determining population dynamics, since they can positively or negatively affect the fitness of individuals. These effects have great relevance for polyphagous insects for which immature stages develop within a single site of finite feeding resources. is a crop pest that induces severe economic losses for agricultural production; however, little is known about the effects of density on its life-history traits. In the present study, we (i) investigated the egg distribution resulting from females' egg-laying strategy and (ii) tested the immediate (on immatures) and delayed (on adults) effects of larval density on emergence rate, development time, potential fecundity, and adult size. The density used varied in a range between 1 and 50 larvae. We showed that 44.27% of the blueberries used for the oviposition assay contained between 1 and 11 eggs in aggregates. The high experimental density (50 larvae) has no immediate effect in the emergence rate but has effect on larval developmental time. This trait was involved in a trade-off with adult life-history traits: The time of larval development was reduced as larval density increased, but smaller and less fertile females were produced. Our results clearly highlight the consequences of larval crowding on the juveniles and adults of this fly.
密度效应是决定种群动态的关键因素，因为它们可能对个体的适合度产生正面或负面影响。这些效应对于多食性昆虫具有重要意义，因为它们的未成熟阶段在单一有限取食资源的场所内发育。[某种昆虫名称]是一种给农业生产造成严重经济损失的作物害虫；然而，关于密度对其生活史特征的影响却知之甚少。在本研究中，我们（i）研究了雌性产卵策略导致的卵分布情况，以及（ii）测试了幼虫密度对羽化率、发育时间、潜在繁殖力和成虫大小的即时（对未成熟个体）和延迟（对成虫）影响。所使用的密度在1至50只幼虫之间变化。我们发现，用于产卵试验的蓝莓中有44.27%含有1至11个聚集在一起的卵。高实验密度（50只幼虫）对羽化率没有即时影响，但对幼虫发育时间有影响。这一特征与成虫生活史特征存在权衡：随着幼虫密度增加，幼虫发育时间缩短，但产生的雌性个体体型较小且繁殖力较低。我们的结果清楚地凸显了幼虫拥挤对这种果蝇幼虫和成虫的影响。
