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日粮L-瓜氨酸对高温环境下肉鸡的生长性能、氨基酸谱以及生长激素/胰岛素样生长因子轴有调节作用。

Dietary L-citrulline modulates the growth performance, amino acid profile, and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis in broilers exposed to high temperature.

作者信息

Uyanga Victoria Anthony, Zhao Jingpeng, Wang Xiaojuan, Jiao Hongchao, Onagbesan Okanlawon M, Lin Hai

机构信息

Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.

Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

出版信息

Front Physiol. 2022 Aug 8;13:937443. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.937443. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Heat stress adversely affects the growth performance, muscle development, and protein metabolism in poultry. l-Citrulline (L-Cit), is a non-essential amino acid that is known to stimulate muscle protein synthesis under stress conditions. This study investigated whether L-Cit could influence the growth performance, amino acid profile, and protein metabolism in broilers exposed to high ambient temperature. In a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, Arbor acre broilers (288 chickens) were fed with basal diet (CON) or 1% L-Cit supplemented diet and later subjected to either thermoneutral (TNZ: 24°C, 24 h/d) or heat stress (HS: 35°C for 8 h/d) environment for 21 days. The results showed that L-Cit diet promoted the body weight and body weight gain of broilers higher than the CON diet, and it further alleviated HS suppression of body weight and feed intake at certain periods ( < 0.05). Plasma urea, uric acid, glucose, and total cholesterol were elevated during HS, whereas, the triglyceride content was decreased ( < 0.05). Serum amino acids including citrulline, alanine, aspartate, and taurine were decreased by HS. L-Cit supplementation restored the citrulline level and alleviated HS induction of 3-methylhistidine ( < 0.05). L-Cit supplementation increased the plasma growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration, as well as the GH concentration in the breast muscle ( < 0.05). The mRNA expression showed that HS elicited tissue-specific responses by upregulating some growth factors in the breast muscle, but downregulated the GH receptor, GH binding protein, and IGF-1 expression in the hypothalamus. L-Cit supplementation upregulated the GHRH and IGFBP2 expression in the hypothalamus. L-Cit also upregulated the expression of IGF-1R and IGFBP2 in the breast muscle of HS broilers. The total mTOR protein level in the breast muscle of HS broilers was also increased by L-Cit diet ( < 0.05). Therefore, this study demonstrated that HS negatively affected the growth performance of broilers and dysregulated the expression of growth factors related to protein metabolism. Contrarily, L-Cit promoted the growth responses of broilers its stimulation of circulating GH/IGF-1 concentration. To certain extents, L-Cit supplementation elicited protective effects on the growth performance of HS broilers by diminishing protein catabolism.

摘要

热应激对家禽的生长性能、肌肉发育和蛋白质代谢产生不利影响。L-瓜氨酸(L-Cit)是一种非必需氨基酸,已知在应激条件下可刺激肌肉蛋白质合成。本研究调查了L-Cit是否会影响暴露于高温环境下的肉鸡的生长性能、氨基酸谱和蛋白质代谢。采用2×2析因设计,将288只爱拔益加肉鸡分为两组,分别饲喂基础日粮(CON)或添加1%L-Cit的日粮,随后分别置于热中性(TNZ:24°C,每天24小时)或热应激(HS:35°C,每天8小时)环境中饲养21天。结果表明,L-Cit日粮组肉鸡的体重和体重增加高于CON日粮组,并且在某些时期进一步缓解了热应激对体重和采食量的抑制作用(P<0.05)。热应激期间血浆尿素、尿酸、葡萄糖和总胆固醇升高,而甘油三酯含量降低(P<0.05)。热应激使血清氨基酸(包括瓜氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和牛磺酸)减少。补充L-Cit可恢复瓜氨酸水平,并缓解热应激诱导的3-甲基组氨酸增加(P<0.05)。补充L-Cit可提高血浆生长激素(GH)和胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)浓度,以及胸肌中的GH浓度(P<0.05)。mRNA表达显示,热应激通过上调胸肌中的一些生长因子引发组织特异性反应,但下调下丘脑的GH受体、GH结合蛋白和IGF-1表达。补充L-Cit可上调下丘脑的生长激素释放激素(GHRH)和IGFBP2表达。L-Cit还上调了热应激肉鸡胸肌中IGF-1R和IGFBP2的表达。L-Cit日粮还增加了热应激肉鸡胸肌中mTOR蛋白的总水平(P<0.05)。因此,本研究表明,热应激对肉鸡的生长性能产生负面影响,并使与蛋白质代谢相关的生长因子表达失调。相反,L-Cit通过刺激循环中的GH/IGF-1浓度促进肉鸡的生长反应。在一定程度上,补充L-Cit通过减少蛋白质分解代谢对热应激肉鸡的生长性能产生保护作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5bbf/9393253/69d865736457/fphys-13-937443-g001.jpg

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