非洲第一波新冠疫情期间一线卫生工作者的知识、态度和行为的决定因素：一项多中心在线横断面研究
Determinants of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Frontline Health Workers During the First Wave of COVID-19 in Africa: A Multicenter Online Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Kamabu Larrey Kasereka, Lekuya Hervé Monka, Iranya Richard Newton, Kasusula Bienvenu Muhindo, Sikakulya Franck Katembo, Kicaber Saviour, Valimungighe Moise Muhindo, Nganza Sifa Katungu, Butala Eric Sadiki, Sikiminywa Zacharie Muhindo, Kathaka Louange Maha, Munyambalu Dalton Kambale, Ahuka Longombe Thérèse Yenyi, Katsioto Agnès Kavira, Mumbere Bienfait, Kalima Nzanzu Adelard, Kavughe Frederic, Kambere Thaddée Katembo, Ssebuufu Robinson
机构信息
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Université Catholique du Graben, Butembo, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
出版信息
Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Aug 18;15:4595-4610. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S372952. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
During its first wave of COVID-19 infection in sub-Saharan Africa, there was insufficient understanding of the pandemic among frontline health workers. This study was carried out to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of frontline health workers (HWs) towards COVID-19 in Africa and their related factors.
METHODS
This was a multicenter online cross-sectional study conducted between April 2020 and July 2020 using a Google survey link among frontline HWs involved in the COVID-19 response in 26 African countries. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the determinants of KAP. Data were analyzed using STATA ver 16; all tests were two-sided with 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
Five hundred and seventeen participated in this study from 26 African countries; 289 (55.9%) were male and 228 (44.1%) female. Most of HWs, 379 (73.3%) showed poor knowledge about COVID-19 infection and preventive measures. In contrast, majority of them showed good attitude (89%) and practice (90.3%) towards prevention of COVID-19 infections. Knowledge varied among countries; Uganda had the greatest number of HWs with good knowledge (OR: 28.09, p<0.0001) followed by Ghana (OR=10.92, p=0.001) and DRC (OR: 4.59, p=0.015). The cadre of HWs also influenced knowledge; doctors were the most knowledgeable as compared to other cadres (OR: 3.4, p= 0.005). Attitude and practice were both influenced by HWs country of workplace and their cadre (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Majority of the frontline HWs in the African region had an overall good attitude and practice towards COVID-19 infection and practice measures despite relatively poor knowledge. The KAP is influenced by HWs country of workplace, their cadre. The knowledge of HWs in Africa should be increased to concourt with their attitude and practice to reduce the burden of intra-hospital transmission of the COVID-19.
背景
在撒哈拉以南非洲地区首次出现新冠疫情浪潮期间，一线医护人员对这一流行病的了解不足。本研究旨在确定非洲一线医护人员对新冠病毒的知识、态度和行为（KAP）及其相关因素。
方法
这是一项多中心在线横断面研究，于2020年4月至2020年7月期间进行，通过谷歌调查链接对26个非洲国家参与新冠疫情应对工作的一线医护人员展开调查。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析KAP的决定因素。数据使用STATA 16版本进行分析；所有检验均为双侧检验，置信区间为95%。
结果
来自26个非洲国家的517人参与了本研究；其中男性289人（55.9%），女性228人（44.1%）。大多数医护人员，即379人（73.3%）对新冠病毒感染及预防措施的了解较差。相比之下，他们中的大多数人对预防新冠病毒感染表现出良好的态度（89%）和行为（90.3%）。不同国家的知识水平存在差异；乌干达了解情况良好的医护人员数量最多（比值比：28.09，p<0.0001），其次是加纳（比值比=10.92，p=0.001）和刚果民主共和国（比值比：4.59，p=0.015）。医护人员的类别也会影响知识水平；与其他类别相比，医生的知识最为丰富（比值比：3.4，p=0.005）。态度和行为均受医护人员工作所在国家及其类别的影响（p<0.05）。
结论
尽管知识水平相对较差，但非洲地区的大多数一线医护人员对新冠病毒感染及防控措施总体上态度良好且行为得当。KAP受医护人员工作所在国家及其类别的影响。应提高非洲医护人员的知识水平，使其与态度和行为相匹配，以减轻医院内新冠病毒传播的负担。
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