Shah Jawad Ali, Vendl Tomas, Aulicky Radek, Frankova Marcela, Stejskal Vaclav
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic.
Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, 16106 Prague, Czech Republic.
Gels. 2022 Aug 20;8(8):522. doi: 10.3390/gels8080522.
Insecticides and rodenticides form the basis of integrated pest management systems worldwide. As pest resistance continues to increase and entire groups of chemical active ingredients are restricted or banned, manufacturers are looking for new options for more effective formulations and safer application methods for the remaining pesticide ingredients. In addition to new technological adaptations of mainstream formulations in the form of sprays, fumigants, and dusts, the use of gel formulations is becoming increasingly explored and employed. This article summarizes information on the current and potential use of gel (including hydrogel) and paste formulations against harmful arthropods or rodents in specific branches of pest management in the agricultural, food, stored product, structural wood, urban, medical, and public health areas. Due to the worldwide high interest in natural substances, part of the review was devoted to the use of gels for the formulation of pesticide substances of botanical origin, such as essential or edible oils. Gels as emerging formulation of so called "smart insecticides" based on molecular iRNA disruptors are discussed.
杀虫剂和灭鼠剂构成了全球综合虫害管理系统的基础。随着害虫抗药性持续增强，整类化学活性成分受到限制或被禁用，制造商正在为剩余的农药成分寻找更有效配方和更安全施用方法的新选择。除了以喷雾、熏蒸剂和粉剂形式对主流配方进行新技术改造外，凝胶制剂的使用也在得到越来越多的探索和应用。本文总结了凝胶（包括水凝胶）和膏状制剂在农业、食品、仓储产品、结构木材、城市、医疗和公共卫生等虫害管理特定领域针对有害节肢动物或啮齿动物的当前及潜在用途的信息。由于全球对天然物质的高度关注，综述的一部分内容专门探讨了凝胶在配制植物源农药物质（如香精油或食用油）方面的应用。文中还讨论了基于分子干扰RNA的所谓“智能杀虫剂”的新兴凝胶制剂。
