Stein Frederik, Wagner Stefan, Bräsicke Nadine, Gailing Oliver, Moura Carina C M, Götz Monika
Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests, Julius Kühn Institute, 38014 Braunschweig, Germany.
Büsgen Institute, Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
Insects. 2022 Jul 27;13(8):679. doi: 10.3390/insects13080679.
While the need for biodiversity research is growing, paradoxically, global taxonomical expertise is decreasing as a result of the neglected funding for young academics in taxonomy. Non-destructive approaches for DNA barcoding are necessary for a more efficient use of this dwindling expertise to fill gaps, and identify incorrect entries in sequence databases like BOLD or GenBank. They are efficient because morphological re-examination of species vouchers is still possible post-DNA barcoding. Non-destructive approaches for Diptera with a comprehensive species representation or the consideration of diagnostic fragile morphological characters are missing. Additionally, most non-destructive approaches combine a time intensive and non-destructive digestion step with common DNA extraction methods, such as commercial kits or CTAB DNA isolation. We circumvented those approaches and combined a modified non-destructive TE buffer high-speed DNA extraction, with a PCR inhibitor-resistant PCR reaction system, to a non-destructive DNA barcoding procedure for fresh and frozen samples of the Schizophora (Diptera). This method avoids morphological impairment and the application of harmful chemicals, is cost and time effective, restricts the need for laboratory equipment to a minimum, and prevents cross-contamination risk during DNA isolation. Moreover, the study indicates that the presented non-destructive DNA barcoding procedure is transferable to other soft-bodied insects. We suggest that PCR inhibitor-resistant master mixes enable the development of new-and the modification of existing-non-destructive approaches with the avoidance of further DNA template cleaning.
尽管对生物多样性研究的需求在不断增长,但矛盾的是,由于分类学领域年轻学者的资金被忽视,全球分类学专业知识正在减少。DNA条形码的非破坏性方法对于更有效地利用这种日益减少的专业知识来填补空白以及识别序列数据库(如BOLD或GenBank)中的错误条目是必要的。它们之所以有效,是因为在DNA条形码分析之后,仍然可以对物种凭证进行形态学重新检查。目前缺少针对具有全面物种代表性的双翅目或考虑诊断性脆弱形态特征的非破坏性方法。此外,大多数非破坏性方法将耗时且非破坏性的消化步骤与常见的DNA提取方法(如商业试剂盒或CTAB DNA分离)相结合。我们规避了这些方法,将改良的非破坏性TE缓冲液高速DNA提取方法与抗PCR抑制剂的PCR反应系统相结合,形成了一种针对裂翅亚目(双翅目)新鲜和冷冻样本的非破坏性DNA条形码分析程序。该方法避免了形态损伤和有害化学物质的应用,具有成本效益和时间效益,将实验室设备需求降至最低,并防止了DNA分离过程中的交叉污染风险。此外,该研究表明所提出的非破坏性DNA条形码分析程序可转移到其他软体昆虫。我们建议,抗PCR抑制剂的预混液能够在避免进一步DNA模板纯化的情况下,开发新的以及改进现有的非破坏性方法。