Filgueiras Camila C, Willett Denis S
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Asheville, Asheville, NC 28804, USA.
North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, North Carolina State University, Asheville, NC 28801, USA.
Insects. 2022 Aug 8;13(8):713. doi: 10.3390/insects13080713.
With the introduction in recent years of high-yield blight-resistant chestnut varieties, the commercial chestnut industry in the United States is expanding. Accompanying this expansion is a resurgence in a primary pest of chestnut: , the lesser chestnut weevil. This weevil damages the nut crop and infestations can surge from 0 to close to 100% in as little as two years. Understanding the dynamics of this pest has been challenging. Most work was conducted in the 1900s and only recently has this weevil garnered renewed interest. Recent work on phenology has been completed in Missouri but conflicted with anecdotal reports from northern growers. From 2019 to 2020, we used a combination of trapping and microcosm studies to understand both phenology and the means of monitoring this pest. populations were univoltine and peaked in mid-October. Pyramid traps were the most effective at capturing adult . larvae, pupae, eclosed adults, and emerging adults were recovered from microcosm experiments. These results suggest that emerges later in the northern US with the potential for a single generation to emerge over multiple subsequent years. Understanding phenology along with the means of monitoring forms the basis for effective management and control in commercial chestnut orchards.
近年来，随着高产抗枯萎病板栗品种的引入，美国的商业板栗产业正在扩张。伴随着这种扩张，板栗的一种主要害虫——小栗象鼻虫卷土重来。这种象鼻虫会损害坚果作物，在短短两年内，虫害发生率可能从0激增至近100%。了解这种害虫的动态一直具有挑战性。大多数研究工作是在20世纪进行的，直到最近这种象鼻虫才重新引起人们的关注。最近在密苏里州完成了关于物候学的研究，但与北方种植者的轶事报告相矛盾。从2019年到2020年，我们结合诱捕和微观世界研究来了解物候学以及监测这种害虫的方法。小栗象鼻虫种群一年一代，在10月中旬达到峰值。金字塔形诱捕器在捕获成虫方面最有效。从微观世界实验中回收了幼虫、蛹、羽化的成虫和羽化中的成虫。这些结果表明，在美国北部小栗象鼻虫出现得较晚，有可能在随后的多年中出现单代。了解小栗象鼻虫的物候学以及监测方法是商业板栗果园有效管理和控制的基础。
