Hernández Karina, Muro Claudia, Monroy Oscar, Diaz-Blancas Vianney, Alvarado Yolanda, Diaz María Del Carmen
Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Toluca, Avenida Tecnológico S/N Colonia Agrícola Bellavista, Metepec, Ciudad de México 52140, Mexico.
Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México 09340, Mexico.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Jul 29;12(8):742. doi: 10.3390/membranes12080742.
An integrated membrane process for treatment of effluents from food additive manufacturing was designed and evaluated on a laboratory scale. The principal focus was water recovery with the possibility of its reuse as potable water. The industrial effluent presented high content of dyes and salts. It was red in color and presented brine characteristics. The whole effluent was fed into the integrated process in continuous flow. The steps of the process are as follows: sedimentation (S), adsorption by activated carbon (AC), ion exchange using resins (IEXR), and reverse osmosis (RO) (S-AC-IEXR-RO). The effect of previous operations was evaluated by stress-rupture curves in packaged columns of AC and IEXR, membrane flux, and fouling dominance in RO. Fouling was evaluated by way of the Silt Density Index and membrane resistance examination during effluent treatment. The integrated membrane process provided reclaimed water with sufficiently high standards of quality for reuse as potable water. AC showed a high efficiency for color elimination, reaching its rupture point at 20 h and after 5L of effluent treatment. IEXR showed capacity for salt removal, providing 2.2-2.5 L of effluent treatment, reaching its rupture point at 11-15 h. As a result of these previous operations and operating conditions, the fouling of the RO membrane was alleviated, displaying high flux of water: 20-18 L/h/m and maintaining reversible fouling dominance at a feed flow rate of 0.5-0.7 L/h. The characteristics of the reclaimed water showed drinking water standards.
设计并在实验室规模上评估了一种用于处理食品添加剂制造废水的集成膜工艺。主要重点是水的回收以及将其作为饮用水再利用的可能性。工业废水含有高浓度的染料和盐分。它呈红色，具有盐水特征。整个废水以连续流的方式进入集成工艺。该工艺步骤如下：沉淀（S）、活性炭吸附（AC）、使用树脂进行离子交换（IEXR）和反渗透（RO）（S-AC-IEXR-RO）。通过AC和IEXR包装柱中的应力-破裂曲线、膜通量以及RO中的污垢主导情况来评估先前操作的效果。在废水处理过程中，通过淤泥密度指数和膜阻力检查来评估污垢情况。集成膜工艺提供了质量标准足够高的再生水，可作为饮用水再利用。AC对颜色去除显示出高效率，在处理5L废水后20小时达到其破裂点。IEXR显示出除盐能力，可处理2.2 - 2.5L废水，在11 - 15小时达到其破裂点。由于这些先前的操作和运行条件，RO膜的污垢得到缓解，显示出高水通量：20 - 18L/h/m²，并且在进料流速为0.5 - 0.7L/h时保持可逆污垢主导。再生水的特性符合饮用水标准。
