Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America.
School of Global Integrative Studies, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Aug 25;17(8):e0273548. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273548. eCollection 2022.
To investigate changes in sociocultural stressors and protective factors, and mental health in Latina mothers before and after the 2016 Republican presidential nomination.
We examined changes in sociocultural stressors, protective factors, and mental health from two prospective cohorts of Latina mothers from interior and border US cities (Nashville, TN, n = 39 and San Diego, CA, ns range = 78-83; 2013-2020).
We identified significant longitudinal increases in depression, anxiety, and perceived stress in the border city, and reductions in protective factors (e.g., optimism, social support, and familism) across sites. Discrimination varied by location, and was associated with higher stress only at baseline in the border city, and with higher anxiety in the interior city at follow-up. Acculturative stress was consistently associated with worse mental health across time points in the border city. Various protective factors were associated with reduced stress and anxiety across time points in both cities.
We identified decreased mental health at the border city, and reduced protective factors in Latina mothers across both study sites in the years following the 2016 presidential nomination, during a time of shifting sociopolitical climate. We also identify increased acculturative stress and discrimination over time, particularly at the border city. Interventions to maintain and enhance psychosocial protective factors amongst Latina mothers are warranted.
调查 2016 年共和党总统候选人提名前后拉丁裔母亲的社会文化压力源和保护因素以及心理健康的变化。
我们从美国内陆和边境城市（田纳西州纳什维尔，n = 39 和加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥，ns 范围为 78-83；2013-2020 年）的两个前瞻性拉丁裔母亲队列中，检查了社会文化压力源、保护因素和心理健康的变化。
我们发现边境城市的抑郁、焦虑和感知压力呈显著纵向增加，而两个地点的保护因素（如乐观、社会支持和家庭主义）减少。歧视因地点而异，仅在边境城市的基线与较高的压力相关，而在后续的内陆城市与较高的焦虑相关。文化适应压力在边境城市的各个时间点都与较差的心理健康相关。各种保护因素与两个城市的压力和焦虑随时间的降低相关。
我们发现，在 2016 年总统提名后的几年里，边境城市的心理健康状况恶化，拉丁裔母亲的保护因素减少，尤其是在边境城市。我们还发现，文化适应压力和歧视随着时间的推移而增加，尤其是在边境城市。有必要针对拉丁裔母亲开展维持和增强心理社会保护因素的干预措施。
