Department of Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.
Pharmacology. 2022;107(11-12):574-583. doi: 10.1159/000525300. Epub 2022 Aug 25.
The most detrimental factor preventing the use of oral iron in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia is gastrointestinal side effects accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Anorexia is a known secondary effect of nausea and vomiting. The important gastrointestinal signaling molecule 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is critically involved in not only physiological function but also nausea and vomiting. The present study was designed to compare the effects of the administration of sodium ferrous citrate (SF) and ferric citrate hydrate (FC) to rats on anorexia and hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells, which mainly synthesize and store 5-HT.
Rats received either SF (3 or 30 mg/kg/day) or FC (30 mg/kg/day) orally for 4 days. Food and water intakes were measured every 24 h during the study. At 96 h after the first administration of the oral iron preparation, the duodenal and jejunal tissues were collected for analysis. Enterochromaffin cells were detected by immunohistochemical analysis.
Administration of 3 mg/kg SF had no effect on anorexia but led to increased hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells in the duodenum (p < 0.1). Administration of 30 mg/kg SF significantly decreased food and water intakes and significantly increased hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells in the duodenum and jejunum. Alternatively, administration of 30 mg/kg FC had no significant effect on food and water intakes or hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells.
The lower impact on the hyperplasia of enterochromaffin cells of FC compared to SF may contribute to the maintenance of rats' physical condition.
妨碍口服铁剂治疗缺铁性贫血的最不利因素是胃肠道副作用，伴有恶心和呕吐。厌食是已知的恶心和呕吐的继发效应。重要的胃肠道信号分子 5-羟色胺（5-HT）不仅参与生理功能，而且还参与恶心和呕吐。本研究旨在比较给予柠檬酸亚铁钠（SF）和柠檬酸铁水合物（FC）对大鼠厌食和肠嗜铬细胞增生的影响，肠嗜铬细胞主要合成和储存 5-HT。
大鼠连续 4 天口服 SF（3 或 30mg/kg/天）或 FC（30mg/kg/天）。在研究期间，每 24 小时测量一次食物和水的摄入量。在首次口服铁制剂后 96 小时，收集十二指肠和空肠组织进行分析。通过免疫组织化学分析检测肠嗜铬细胞。
3mg/kg SF 给药对厌食无影响，但导致十二指肠肠嗜铬细胞增生增加（p<0.1）。30mg/kg SF 给药显著减少食物和水的摄入量，并显著增加十二指肠和空肠肠嗜铬细胞的增生。相反，30mg/kg FC 给药对食物和水的摄入量或肠嗜铬细胞的增生没有显著影响。
与 SF 相比，FC 对肠嗜铬细胞增生的影响较小，这可能有助于维持大鼠的身体状况。
