Department of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 4):114150. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114150. Epub 2022 Aug 23.
The recent increase in micropollutant levels in water bodies is a growing concern globally. The generation of new materials and techniques for wastewater treatment often involves the release of hazardous wastes and the utilization of energy related to it. This can be resolved by the synthesis of bio-based materials through the use of already released wastes and naturally occurring components, adding their value as reusable resources. These bio-based materials find wide applications for micropollutant elimination and energy tapping due to the presence of various functional groups, large surface area, high stability, and reusability. The processes involved in micropollutant elimination through biomaterials generally include adsorption and degradation. These treatment processes are suggested to depend on various operational parameters like pH, temperature, dose, reaction time, presence of other contaminants, ions, etc. in the system, which may influence the process efficiency. Understanding the potential of bio-based materials many steps can be taken towards its large-scale application to upgrade wastewater treatment plants for micropollutant elimination. Furthermore, the recent advances of bio-based materials in energy storage and conversion have widened its scope for implementation in a circular bioeconomy. The bottlenecks towards such a transition and future recommendations are also presented and discussed.
水体中微污染物水平的最近增加是一个全球性的日益关注的问题。废水处理的新材料和技术的产生通常涉及危险废物的释放和与之相关的能源利用。通过利用已经释放的废物和天然存在的成分来合成基于生物的材料，可以解决这个问题，并将其附加值作为可重复利用的资源。由于存在各种官能团、大表面积、高稳定性和可重复使用性，这些基于生物的材料在微污染物去除和能源利用方面得到了广泛的应用。通过生物材料去除微污染物的过程通常包括吸附和降解。这些处理过程被建议取决于系统中各种操作参数，如 pH 值、温度、剂量、反应时间、其他污染物、离子等，这些参数可能会影响处理效率。了解生物基材料的潜力，可以采取许多措施将其大规模应用于升级用于去除微污染物的废水处理厂。此外，生物基材料在储能和转化方面的最新进展拓宽了其在循环生物经济中实施的范围。还提出并讨论了向这种转变的瓶颈和未来的建议。
