Belete Biniam, Desye Belay, Ambelu Argaw, Yenew Chalachew
Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Environ Health Insights. 2023 Sep 8;17:11786302231195158. doi: 10.1177/11786302231195158. eCollection 2023.
Various review papers have been published regarding the occurrence and fate of micropollutants (MPs). MPs in the aquatic environment are still not well reviewed to generate comprehensive summaries with a special focus on their removal from wastewater using conventional and advanced treatment processes. Therefore, this review aimed to provide a synopsis of the efficiency of the advanced wastewater treatment plants in the removal of MPs.
A systematic search of published literature was conducted on the National Library of Medicine (NLM) database, Web of Science, database, Scopus, and Google Scholar, based on studies with evidence of removal of MPs in the wastewater treatment process. Screening of the published articles was made using pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Amongst the 1545 studies searched, 21 full-length articles were analyzed that showed 7 treatment options related to the removal of MPs from wastewater. MPs from wastewater effluents were successfully and effectively removed by advanced treatment techniques. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), membrane processes, and adsorption processes have all been shown to be potential solutions for the removal of MPs in advanced treatment plants (WWTPs). But, there are 2 critical issues associated with the application of the advanced treatment options which are high operational cost and the formation of dangerous by-products and concentrated residues.
This study identified that the removal of MPs using WWTPs was commonly incomplete with varying removal efficiency. Therefore, the adaptation and scale-up of the cost-effective and efficient combined wastewater treatment technology are vital to creating an absolute barrier to MPs emissions.
关于微污染物（MPs）的发生和归宿，已经发表了各种综述论文。水环境中的微污染物仍未得到充分综述，无法生成全面的总结，特别关注使用传统和先进处理工艺从废水中去除这些污染物的情况。因此，本综述旨在概述先进污水处理厂去除微污染物的效率。
基于有关废水处理过程中微污染物去除证据的研究，在国立医学图书馆（NLM）数据库、科学网数据库、Scopus和谷歌学术上对已发表文献进行了系统检索。使用预先指定的纳入和排除标准对已发表文章进行筛选。
在检索的1545项研究中，分析了21篇全文文章，这些文章展示了7种与从废水中去除微污染物相关的处理选项。先进处理技术成功且有效地去除了废水排放中的微污染物。高级氧化工艺（AOPs）、膜工艺和吸附工艺均已被证明是先进污水处理厂（WWTPs）中去除微污染物的潜在解决方案。但是，先进处理选项的应用存在两个关键问题，即高运营成本以及危险副产物和浓缩残留物的形成。
本研究确定，使用污水处理厂去除微污染物通常并不完全，去除效率各不相同。因此，采用具有成本效益且高效的联合废水处理技术并扩大规模，对于建立微污染物排放的绝对屏障至关重要。
