Athanasiou Evita, Gargalionis Antonios N, Anastassopoulou Cleo, Tsakris Athanassios, Boufidou Fotini
Department of Biopathology, Primary Healthfund, Bank of Greece, 105 64 Athens, Greece.
Department of Biopathology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 28 Athens, Greece.
Brain Sci. 2022 Jul 30;12(8):1010. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12081010.
Human herpesviruses (HHVs) have been implicated as possible risk factors in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Persistent lifelong HHVs infections may directly or indirectly contribute to the generation of AD hallmarks: amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, and synaptic loss. The present review focuses on summarizing current knowledge on the molecular mechanistic links between HHVs and AD that include processes involved in Aβ accumulation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, autophagy, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. A PubMed search was performed to collect all the available research data regarding the above mentioned mechanistic links between HHVs and AD pathology. The vast majority of research articles referred to the different pathways exploited by Herpes Simplex Virus 1 that could lead to AD pathology, while a few studies highlighted the emerging role of HHV 6, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr Virus. The elucidation of such potential links may guide the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics to counter this devastating neurological disorder that until now remains incurable.
人类疱疹病毒（HHVs）被认为是阿尔茨海默病（AD）发病机制中的可能危险因素。终身持续性HHVs感染可能直接或间接导致AD特征的产生：淀粉样β（Aβ）斑块、由过度磷酸化tau蛋白组成的神经原纤维缠结以及突触丧失。本综述着重总结关于HHVs与AD之间分子机制联系的现有知识，这些联系包括Aβ积累、tau蛋白过度磷酸化、自噬、氧化应激和神经炎症等过程。通过PubMed搜索收集了所有关于上述HHVs与AD病理学机制联系的可用研究数据。绝大多数研究文章提及了单纯疱疹病毒1利用的不同途径，这些途径可能导致AD病理学变化，而少数研究强调了HHV 6、巨细胞病毒和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒的新出现作用。阐明这些潜在联系可能会指导新型诊断方法和治疗方法的开发，以对抗这种迄今为止仍无法治愈的毁灭性神经疾病。
