Zhao Xu, Li Juan, Che Zongxian, Xue Lingui
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-Saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Aug 5;11(8):1181. doi: 10.3390/biology11081181.
Bacterial community is a key factor affecting aerobic composting, and understanding bacterial community succession is important to revealing the mechanism of organic matter degradation. In this study, the succession and metabolic characteristics of bacterial communities were explored in 45 days composting of sheep manure and wheat straw by using high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools, respectively. Results showed that the alpha diversity of bacterial community significantly decreased in the thermophilic (T2) phase and then recovered gradually in the bio-oxidative (T3) and the maturation (T4) phases. Bacterial communities varied at different stages, but there were 158 genera in common bacterial species. Unclassified_f_Bacillaceae, Oceanobacillus, Bacillus, Pseudogracilibacillus, and Nocardiopsis were identified as keystone bacterial genera. Eleven genera were significantly correlated (p < 0.05), or even extremely significantly correlated (p < 0.001), with the physicochemical factors. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that changes of bacterial community diversity correlated with physicochemical factors. The highest relative abundances were amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism among the metabolic groups in the compost. These results will provide theoretical support for further optimizing sheep manure composting conditions and improving the quality of organic fertilizers.
细菌群落是影响好氧堆肥的关键因素，了解细菌群落演替对于揭示有机物降解机制具有重要意义。本研究分别利用高通量测序技术和生物信息学工具，对羊粪和小麦秸秆45天堆肥过程中细菌群落的演替及代谢特征进行了探究。结果表明，细菌群落的α多样性在嗜热（T2）阶段显著降低，随后在生物氧化（T3）和成熟（T4）阶段逐渐恢复。不同阶段的细菌群落有所不同，但共有细菌种类中有158个属。未分类的_f_芽孢杆菌科、嗜盐芽孢杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属、类纤细芽孢杆菌属和诺卡氏菌属被确定为关键细菌属。11个属与理化因子显著相关（p < 0.05），甚至极显著相关（p < 0.001）。冗余分析（RDA）表明，细菌群落多样性的变化与理化因子相关。堆肥中代谢组中相对丰度最高的是氨基酸和碳水化合物代谢。这些结果将为进一步优化羊粪堆肥条件和提高有机肥质量提供理论支持。
