De Raedt Hans, Jin Fengping, Michielsen Kristel
Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
Entropy (Basel). 2022 Aug 17;24(8):1143. doi: 10.3390/e24081143.
We present a comprehensive simulation study of the Newtonian and quantum model of a Stern-Gerlach experiment with cold neutrons. By solving Newton's equation of motion and the time-dependent Pauli equation for a wide range of uniform magnetic field strengths, we scrutinize the role of the latter for drawing the conclusion that the magnetic moment of the neutron is quantized. We then demonstrate that a marginal modification of the Newtonian model suffices to construct, without invoking any concept of quantum theory, an event-based subquantum model that eliminates the shortcomings of the classical model and yields results that are in qualitative agreement with experiment and quantum theory. In this event-by-event model, the intrinsic angular momentum can take any value on the sphere, yet, for a sufficiently strong uniform magnetic field, the particle beam splits in two, exactly as in experiment and in concert with quantum theory.
我们对冷中子斯特恩-盖拉赫实验的牛顿模型和量子模型进行了全面的模拟研究。通过求解广泛的均匀磁场强度范围内的牛顿运动方程和含时泡利方程，我们仔细研究了后者在得出中子磁矩是量子化这一结论中的作用。然后我们证明，对牛顿模型进行微小修改就足以在不引入任何量子理论概念的情况下构建一个基于事件的亚量子模型，该模型消除了经典模型的缺点，并产生与实验和量子理论定性一致的结果。在这个逐事件模型中，内禀角动量可以取球面上的任何值，然而，对于足够强的均匀磁场，粒子束会分裂成两束，这与实验以及量子理论完全一致。
