Guo Shuyan, Wang Yin, Chen Hao, Huang Nan, Li Wenjing, Ma Dongxia, Yang Yaqi, Zhang Shuchen, Zhu Rongfei
Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
J Clin Med. 2022 Aug 19;11(16):4864. doi: 10.3390/jcm11164864.
(1) Background: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma has increased rapidly in China. However, perceptions of respiratory allergies and barriers to their management have not attracted enough attention. (2) Objective: To investigate the prevalence of, parents’ perceptions of and their unmet needs for information concerning respiratory allergies in a 3- to 16-year-old children population. (3) Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to July 2021 in three schools in Wuhan, China. A total of 1963 participants were recruited through cluster sampling for their parents to complete an online questionnaire regarding respiratory allergic symptoms. The diagnosis of respiratory allergies was based on self-reported symptoms and face-to-face physician evaluation. All the participants with respiratory allergies were asked to complete the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ), the Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (AKQ) and a questionnaire regarding their unmet needs for disease management. (4) Results: The prevalence of respiratory allergies was 29.3% (576/1963) in the 3- to 16-year-old population, among whom AR accounted for 25.7%; asthma, 1.8% and AR-complicated asthma (AR&Asthma), 1.9%. The total B-IPQ score was 40.2 ± 10.9 in the participants with respiratory allergies, and there were no differences among the AR, asthma and AR&Asthma groups (all p > 0.05). The B-IPQ score correlated significantly with symptom onset time and a history of atopic dermatitis (p < 0.01). Nearly one fifth, 18.9%, of the participants with respiratory allergies never went to hospital for treatment, but those with higher B-IPQ scores were more likely to seek professional treatment (p < 0.001). The accuracy rates of AKQ were 72.5% in the participants with asthma and 76.7% in those without asthma (p = 0.147). Among the 576 participants with respiratory allergies, 568 (98.6%) had tried to obtain disease-management information from online platforms, and 55.5% (315/568) were dissatisfied with current platforms; the reasons included incomprehensive contents of illness (45.7%), lack of voice from leading experts (40.3%), too many advertisements (37.5%) and similar contents on different platforms (36.8%). (5) Conclusions: The prevalence of respiratory allergies is high in the 3- to 16-years old population in Wuhan, China. Yet the parents’ perceptions of respiratory allergies and knowledge of asthma are insufficient. It is crucial to increase parents’ awareness of the illness and facilitate their access to truly informative and professional platforms.
（1）背景：中国过敏性鼻炎（AR）和哮喘的患病率迅速上升。然而，对呼吸道过敏的认知及其管理障碍尚未引起足够重视。（2）目的：调查3至16岁儿童人群中呼吸道过敏的患病率、家长对其的认知以及他们未满足的信息需求。（3）方法：2021年6月至7月在中国武汉的三所学校进行了一项横断面调查。通过整群抽样招募了1963名参与者，让他们的父母完成一份关于呼吸道过敏症状的在线问卷。呼吸道过敏的诊断基于自我报告的症状和面对面的医生评估。所有患有呼吸道过敏的参与者都被要求完成简易疾病认知问卷（B-IPQ）、哮喘知识问卷（AKQ）以及一份关于他们未满足的疾病管理需求的问卷。（4）结果：3至16岁人群中呼吸道过敏的患病率为29.3%（576/1963），其中AR占25.7%；哮喘占1.8%，AR合并哮喘（AR&Asthma）占1.9%。患有呼吸道过敏的参与者的B-IPQ总分是40.2±10.9，AR、哮喘和AR&Asthma组之间没有差异（所有p>0.05）。B-IPQ得分与症状发作时间和特应性皮炎病史显著相关（p<0.01）。近五分之一（18.9%）的呼吸道过敏参与者从未去过医院治疗，但B-IPQ得分较高的参与者更有可能寻求专业治疗（p<0.001）。患有哮喘的参与者中AKQ的准确率为72.5%，未患哮喘的参与者中为76.7%（p=0.147）。在576名患有呼吸道过敏的参与者中，568名（98.6%）曾试图从在线平台获取疾病管理信息，55.5%（315/568）对当前平台不满意；原因包括疾病内容不全面（45.7%）、缺乏权威专家发声（40.3%）、广告太多（37.5%）以及不同平台内容相似（36.8%）。（5）结论：中国武汉3至16岁人群中呼吸道过敏的患病率较高。然而，家长对呼吸道过敏的认知和哮喘知识不足。提高家长对该疾病的认识并促进他们获取真正有信息价值和专业性的平台至关重要。
