Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Wuhan, China.
Respir Res. 2020 Feb 11;21(1):49. doi: 10.1186/s12931-020-1291-8.
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are leading causes of morbidity worldwide. However, the spatial and temporal trends in prevalence and incidence of CRDs have not been estimated.
Based on data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017, we analyzed the prevalence and incidence trends of CRDs from 1990 to 2017 according to age, sex, region and disease pattern. Furthermore, the correlations between the incidence and the World Bank income levels, sociodemographic index (SDI), and human development index (HDI) levels were analyzed to assess the factors affecting incidence.
The total number of CRD cases increased by 39.5% from 1990 to 2017, nevertheless, the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) showed decreasing trends. The ASIRs of CRD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumoconiosis, and asthma decreased, whereas the ASIR of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis increased during the past 27 years. Significant differences between males and females in the incidence rates of pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis were observed. Elderly people especially suffered from CRDs, except for asthma. For COPD, the ASIR decreased from low-SDI regions to high-SDI regions. The ASIR of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis in the high-SDI region was highest and have increased mostly. The ASIRs for pneumoconiosis and asthma were inversely related to the HDI.
In 2017, CRDs were still the leading causes of morbidity worldwide. A large proportion of the disease burden was attributed to asthma and COPD. The incidence rates of all four types of CRDs varied greatly across the world. Statistically significant correlation was found between the ASIR and SDI/HDI.
慢性呼吸系统疾病（CRD）是全球主要的发病原因。然而，CRD 的患病率和发病率的时空趋势尚未得到评估。
基于 2017 年全球疾病、伤害和风险因素研究（GBD）的数据，我们根据年龄、性别、地区和疾病模式分析了 1990 年至 2017 年 CRD 的患病率和发病率趋势。此外，分析了发病率与世界银行收入水平、社会人口指数（SDI）和人类发展指数（HDI）水平之间的相关性，以评估影响发病率的因素。
1990 年至 2017 年，CRD 病例总数增加了 39.5%，但年龄标准化患病率（ASPR）和年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）呈下降趋势。CRD、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）、尘肺和哮喘的 ASIR 下降，而间质性肺疾病和肺结节病的 ASIR 在过去 27 年中增加。在尘肺、间质性肺疾病和肺结节病的发病率方面，男女之间存在显著差异。除了哮喘，老年人尤其易患 CRD。对于 COPD，低 SDI 地区的 ASIR 下降到高 SDI 地区。高 SDI 地区间质性肺疾病和肺结节病的 ASIR 最高，且增长幅度最大。尘肺和哮喘的 ASIR 与 HDI 呈负相关。
2017 年，CRD 仍是全球主要的发病原因。疾病负担的很大一部分归因于哮喘和 COPD。四种 CRD 的发病率在全球差异很大。ASIR 与 SDI/HDI 之间存在显著的相关性。
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