Hamada Kazuyuki, Tsunoda Takuya, Yoshimura Kiyoshi
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan.
Department of Clinical Immuno-Oncology, Clinical Research Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Showa University, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan.
Life (Basel). 2022 Aug 13;12(8):1229. doi: 10.3390/life12081229.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have a major impact on cancer treatment. However, the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs is only effective in some patients. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), tumor mutation burden (TMB), and high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-high) are markers that predict the efficacy of ICIs but are not universally used in many carcinomas. The gut microbiota has received much attention recently because of its potential to have a significant impact on immune cells in the cancer microenvironment. Metabolites of the gut microbiota modulate immunity and have a strong influence on the therapeutic efficacy of ICI. It has been suggested that the gut microbiota may serve as a novel marker to predict the therapeutic efficacy of ICI. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop biomarkers that can predict anti-tumor effects and adverse events, and the study of the gut microbiota is essential in this regard.
免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）对癌症治疗产生了重大影响。然而，ICIs的治疗效果仅在部分患者中有效。程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）、肿瘤突变负荷（TMB）和高频微卫星不稳定性（MSI-high）是预测ICIs疗效的标志物，但在许多癌症中并未普遍使用。由于肠道微生物群有可能对癌症微环境中的免疫细胞产生重大影响，其最近受到了广泛关注。肠道微生物群的代谢产物可调节免疫力，并对ICI的治疗效果有强烈影响。有人提出，肠道微生物群可能作为预测ICI治疗效果的新标志物。因此，迫切需要开发能够预测抗肿瘤效果和不良事件的生物标志物，而肠道微生物群的研究在这方面至关重要。
