Structurally Diverse Metabolites from the Bl. and Their Antioxidant Activities In Vitro and PPARα Agonistic Activities In Silico.

Bl. is a traditional Chinese materia medica widely used to treat several diseases. Chemical and pharmacological studies on have been carried out; however, neither of them has been fully explored. In this study, an array of compounds was isolated from the title plant, including a new anthraquinone, ophiorrhizaquinone A (), three alkaloids - and seven other compounds - with diverse structural types. Additionally, compounds , , , , and were isolated from the genus of for the first time. Antioxidant bioassays in vitro using DPPH and ABTS were performed, and the results showed that compound exhibited modest antioxidant activity with IC values of 0.0321 mg/mL and 0.0319 mg/mL, respectively. An in silico study of PPARα agonistic activities of compounds and was conducted by molecular docking experiments, revealing that both of them occupied the active site of PPARα via hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions effectively. This study enriched both the phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of .