Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2022 Jun;106(11):3851-3877. doi: 10.1007/s00253-022-11941-y. Epub 2022 May 21.
Camptothecin (CPT) is a monoterpenoid-alkaloid, an anticancer compound from plant. Ever since its discovery in 1996 from the bark of Camptotheca acuminata, various researches have been conducted for enhancing its production. CPT has also been reported in several other species belonging to the plant families Icacinaceae, Rubiaceae, Apocynaceae, Nyssaceae, Betulaceae, Violaceae, Meliaceae, and Gelseminaceae. Out of these, Ophiorrhiza sp. (Rubiaceae) is the next possible candidate for sustainable CPT production after C. acuminata and Nothapodytes nimoonia. Various biotechnological-studies have been conducted on Ophiorrhiza sp. for searching the elite species and the most optimal strategies for CPT production. The genus Ophiorrhiza has been used as medicines for antiviral, antifungal, antimalarial, and anticancer activities. Phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenes, and CPT from the plant. Because of the presence of CPT and its herbaceous habit, Ophiorrhiza sp. has now become a hot topic in research area. Currently, for mass production of the elite spp., tissue culture techniques have been implemented. In the past decades, several researchers have contributed on the diversity assessment, phytochemical analysis, mass production, and in vitro production of CPT in Ophiorrhiza sp. In this paper, we review the on the biotechnological strategies, optimal culture medium, micropropagation of Ophiorrhiza sp., effect of PGR on shoot formation, rhizogenesis, callus formation, and enhanced production of CPT for commercial use. KEY POINTS: • Latest literature on in vitro propagation of Ophiorrhiza sp. • Biotechnological production of camptothecin and related compounds • Optimization, elicitation, and transgenic studies in Ophiorrhiza sp.
喜树碱（CPT）是一种单萜生物碱，是从植物中提取的抗癌化合物。自 1996 年从喜树的树皮中发现以来，已经进行了各种研究来提高其产量。在属于山矾科、茜草科、夹竹桃科、山柳科、桦木科、堇菜科、楝科和茄科的其他几种植物中也有报道。在这些植物中，继喜树之后，钩吻（茜草科）是可持续生产喜树碱的下一个可能的候选植物。已经对钩吻进行了各种生物技术研究，以寻找生产喜树碱的优良物种和最优化策略。钩吻属植物已被用作治疗抗病毒、抗真菌、抗疟疾和抗癌的药物。植物化学分析表明，该植物中存在生物碱、类黄酮、三萜和喜树碱。由于喜树碱的存在及其草本习性，钩吻属植物现在已成为研究领域的热门话题。目前，为了大规模生产优良品种，已经实施了组织培养技术。在过去的几十年里，几位研究人员对钩吻属植物的多样性评估、植物化学分析、大规模生产以及体外生产喜树碱进行了研究。在本文中，我们综述了生物技术策略、最佳培养基、钩吻属植物的微繁殖、植物生长调节剂对芽形成、生根、愈伤组织形成和喜树碱商业化生产的影响。 关键点： • 钩吻属植物体外繁殖的最新文献 • 喜树碱和相关化合物的生物技术生产 • 钩吻属植物的优化、诱导和转基因研究
