Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico.
Center for Research in Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca C.P. 62100, Morelos, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2022 Aug 18;14(16):3403. doi: 10.3390/nu14163403.
Front-of-pack labeling (FOPL) is a tool that enables consumers to compare foods and select healthier options. Due to low understanding of the Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) labeling among Mexicans, a law was implemented in October 2020 that modified the FOPL to a warning labeling (WL) system. The purpose of this study was to compare the perception and understanding of GDA and WL during the law modification period. We conducted a panel design with two measurements: (1) using GDA label (September 2020) and (2) using WL (October-November). We estimated differences in GDA vs. WL through multinomial logistic regression models and changes were measured through predictive margin contrasts and Wald tests. When comparing the same products with different labels, the participants reported that it would be unlikely/very unlikely that they would consume products packaged with the WL (81.5%; 95%CI: 79.2, 83.8) compared to those with GDA (24.2%; 95%CI: 21.7, 26.7). Consumers' perception was that the quantities of packaged products they should consume was small or very small when they used the WL (93.8%; 95%CI: 92.4, 95.5) compared to GDA (41.6%; 95%CI: 39.7, 44.6). When comparing food groups, participants were more confident about choosing healthy products when using the WL compared to the GDA. During the implementation of WL in Mexico, the studied population had a better perception and understanding of less healthy packaged foods when using WL, compared to the GDA label.
前置标签（FOPL）是一种工具，使消费者能够比较食品并选择更健康的选择。由于墨西哥人对每日摄入量指南（GDA）标签的理解程度较低，2020 年 10 月实施了一项法律，将 FOPL 改为警告标签（WL）系统。本研究的目的是比较在法律修改期间对 GDA 和 WL 的认知和理解。我们采用了面板设计，进行了两次测量：（1）使用 GDA 标签（2020 年 9 月）和（2）使用 WL（2020 年 10 月至 11 月）。我们通过多项逻辑回归模型估计了 GDA 与 WL 之间的差异，并通过预测边际对比和 Wald 检验测量了变化。在比较具有不同标签的相同产品时，参与者报告说，他们不太可能/非常不可能消费带有 WL 标签的包装产品（81.5%；95%CI：79.2，83.8），而更有可能消费带有 GDA 标签的包装产品（24.2%；95%CI：21.7，26.7）。当使用 WL 时，消费者认为他们应该消费的包装产品的数量很小或非常小（93.8%；95%CI：92.4，95.5），而 GDA 标签则为 41.6%（95%CI：39.7，44.6）。在比较食品组时，与 GDA 相比，参与者在使用 WL 时更有信心选择健康产品。在墨西哥实施 WL 期间，与 GDA 标签相比，研究人群在使用 WL 时对不太健康的包装食品有了更好的认知和理解。
