Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, South Africa; Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Appetite. 2022 Dec 1;179:106283. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106283. Epub 2022 Aug 24.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different labels on participants identifying products high in nutrients of concern; identifying unhealthy products, and intention to purchase unhealthy products. This blinded randomised controlled trial included a representative sample of South African households (n = 1951). Per household we selected a member primarily responsible for food purchases. Participants were randomised into the Warning Label (WL), Guideline Dietary Amounts (GDA) or Multiple Traffic Light (MTL) arms. Each participant answered questions in a no label condition (control) followed by same questions in the label condition (experiment). Complete data were collected and analysed for 1948 participants (WL = 33.7%, GDA = 32.1% and MTL = 34.2%). The probability of correctly identifying products high in nutrients of concern and identifying products as being unhealthy was higher with the WL compared to the GDA or MTL for most items. There was no difference in performance between the GDA and the MTL when considering all items together. A higher percentage of participants reported a lower intention to purchase an unhealthy product after exposure to the WL compared to MTL for 5 out of 6 products; 2 out of 6 products for the WL compared to GDA and 2 out of 6 products for GDA compared to MTL. Compared to the control condition, exposure to each of the labels resulted in better identification of nutrients of concern, unhealthy products and a lower intention to purchase when considering all specific outcome items together. The WL showed a higher potential to enable South African consumers to identify products high in nutrients of concern, identify unhealthy products and discourage purchasing of unhealthy products.
本研究旨在评估不同标签对参与者识别高关注营养素产品、识别不健康产品以及购买不健康产品意愿的影响。这是一项盲法随机对照试验，纳入了南非代表性家庭样本（n=1951）。每个家庭选择一名主要负责食品购买的成员。参与者随机分配到警告标签（WL）、指导膳食量（GDA）或多个红绿灯（MTL）组。每个参与者先在无标签条件（对照）下回答问题，然后在标签条件（实验）下回答相同问题。共收集并分析了 1948 名参与者的数据（WL=33.7%，GDA=32.1%和 MTL=34.2%）。在大多数项目中，与 GDA 或 MTL 相比，WL 更能提高正确识别高关注营养素产品和识别不健康产品的可能性。在考虑所有项目时，GDA 和 MTL 之间的表现没有差异。与 MTL 相比，暴露于 WL 后，更多参与者报告购买不健康产品的意愿降低，有 6 种产品中的 5 种；与 GDA 相比，有 6 种产品中的 2 种；与 MTL 相比，有 6 种产品中的 2 种。与对照条件相比，当考虑所有特定结果项目时，接触每种标签都能更好地识别关注营养素、不健康产品，并降低购买不健康产品的意愿。WL 更有可能使南非消费者识别高关注营养素产品、识别不健康产品并抑制购买不健康产品的意愿。
