School of Social Work and Aging Studies Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Department of Public Health, Falk College, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
Aging Ment Health. 2023 Jun;27(6):1095-1102. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2116398. Epub 2022 Aug 25.
We explored associations between psychiatric history and cognitive functioning, and differences by sex and race/ethnicity (SRE) in 20,155 Health and Retirement Study (1995-2014) participants aged 65 or older. Multi-level growth curve models examined cognition scores and their trajectories over time by SRE. A history of psychiatric, emotional, or nervous problems was significantly related to cognition scores and rates of decline. Hispanic and Black participants had significantly lower cognition scores at age 75 and steeper rates of decline than White females, and Black race and the Hispanic race/ethnicity-sex interaction erased the protective effects of being female. Future research should include specific psychiatric diagnoses. Population level findings as reported here, along with aggregate findings from similar studies, can inform interventions and policies regarding support for populations that are vulnerable to mental illness and to subsequent cognitive decline.
我们探讨了 20155 名年龄在 65 岁或以上的健康和退休研究（1995-2014 年）参与者的精神病史与认知功能之间的关联，以及性别和种族/民族（SRE）差异。多层次增长曲线模型根据 SRE 研究了认知评分及其随时间的变化轨迹。精神、情绪或神经问题的病史与认知评分和下降速度显著相关。与白人女性相比，西班牙裔和黑人参与者在 75 岁时的认知评分明显较低，下降速度也较快，而黑人种族和西班牙裔种族/民族-性别相互作用则消除了女性的保护作用。未来的研究应该包括特定的精神科诊断。这里报告的人群水平研究结果，以及类似研究的综合结果，可以为针对易患精神疾病和随后认知能力下降的人群的干预措施和政策提供信息。
