Liu Chengzhi, Dong Wenkang, Lv Zhengshuai, Kong Li, Ren Xiang
The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Front Neurosci. 2022 Aug 9;16:957667. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.957667. eCollection 2022.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and has been considered a microvascular disease for a long time. However, recent evidence suggests that diabetic retinal neurodegeneration (DRN), which manifests as neuronal apoptosis, a decrease in optic nerve axons, and reactive gliosis, occurs prior to retinal microvascular alterations. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an endogenous inhibitor of thioredoxin (Trx), and it acts by inhibiting its reducing capacity, thereby promoting cellular oxidative stress. In addition, it participates in regulating multiple signaling pathways as a member of the α-arrestin family of proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that TXNIP is upregulated in diabetes and plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiological process of DR. In this review, we summarized the role of TXNIP in DRN, aiming to provide evidence for DR treatment in the future.
糖尿病性视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病的常见并发症，长期以来一直被认为是一种微血管疾病。然而，最近的证据表明，糖尿病性视网膜神经变性（DRN），表现为神经元凋亡、视神经轴突减少和反应性胶质细胞增生，发生在视网膜微血管改变之前。硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白（TXNIP）是硫氧还蛋白（Trx）的内源性抑制剂，它通过抑制其还原能力发挥作用，从而促进细胞氧化应激。此外，它作为α- arrestin蛋白家族的成员参与调节多种信号通路。越来越多的证据表明，TXNIP在糖尿病中上调，并在DR的病理生理过程中起关键作用。在本综述中，我们总结了TXNIP在DRN中的作用，旨在为未来DR的治疗提供证据。
