Blue Medical Center, Alajuela, Costa Rica.
Clínica Multimédica, de Guatemala, Guatemala.
Headache. 2022 Sep;62(8):1029-1038. doi: 10.1111/head.14375. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
The objective of the study was to measure the proportion of patients who consulted for headache and of those who had a final diagnosis of migraine. We also assessed the proportion and characteristics of patients with migraine and the impact of migraine on the daily activities and the professional and social lives of patients visiting private/public medical centers in Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, and the Dominican Republic.
Underdiagnosis of migraine is high in Central America and Caribbean urban communities. However, there is limited knowledge on characteristics of headache disorders for the appropriate classification of migraine, which is a prerequisite for targeted treatment. Hence, there is a need to improve migraine awareness among patients and medical professionals in this region.
Central America and Caribbean countries epidemioLogy study of Migraine (CALM) was a non-interventional, cross-sectional, multinational study in adults aged 18-65 years with a history of or current headache. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with migraine visiting medical centers due to headache disorders. Using a specially designed migraine survey questionnaire, patients self-reported migraine characteristics, duration, and severity of attacks and impact on work and social life.
Of the 313 enrolled patients, 308 (98.4%) completed the study. Approximately 75.3% (232/308) of patients with headache visiting medical centers had migraine, with episodic migraine being the most common (193 [83.2%]). Overall, 34/308 (11.0%) patients had a new diagnosis of migraine. Among patients with migraine, 66 (28.4%) had a history of migraine for ≥20 years and 59 (25.4%) experienced severe pain. Overall, 52.2% (121/232) of patients reported that migraine affected their professional life and 78.4% (182/232) reported an impact on social life.
The CALM study establishes that a high proportion of patients with migraine had a long duration and high severity of migraine attacks, leading to a direct impact on work/social life as well as on costs incurred by patients in these countries.
本研究旨在衡量因头痛就诊的患者比例以及最终诊断为偏头痛的患者比例。我们还评估了偏头痛患者的比例和特征，以及偏头痛对患者日常生活、工作和社会生活的影响，这些患者来自危地马拉、哥斯达黎加、巴拿马和多米尼加共和国的私立/公立医疗中心。
中美洲和加勒比城市社区对偏头痛的诊断不足。然而，对于偏头痛的适当分类，即针对治疗的前提，我们对头痛障碍的特征知之甚少。因此，需要提高该地区患者和医务人员对偏头痛的认识。
中美洲和加勒比地区偏头痛流行病学研究（CALM）是一项非干预性、横断面、多国研究，纳入年龄在 18-65 岁之间、有或目前有头痛病史的成年人。主要结局是因头痛就诊的偏头痛患者比例。使用专门设计的偏头痛调查问卷，患者自我报告偏头痛特征、发作持续时间和严重程度以及对工作和社会生活的影响。
在 313 名入组患者中，308 名（98.4%）完成了研究。大约 75.3%（232/308）因头痛就诊的头痛患者患有偏头痛，其中发作性偏头痛最为常见（193[83.2%]）。总体而言，34/308（11.0%）患者新诊断为偏头痛。在偏头痛患者中，66（28.4%）有 20 年以上的偏头痛病史，59（25.4%）经历过严重疼痛。总体而言，52.2%（121/232）的偏头痛患者报告偏头痛影响其职业生活，78.4%（182/232）报告偏头痛影响社会生活。
CALM 研究表明，很大比例的偏头痛患者偏头痛持续时间长、严重程度高，导致工作/社会生活直接受到影响，同时也导致这些国家的患者产生医疗费用。
