Grunder A A, Chambers J R, Fortin A
Poult Sci. 1987 Mar;66(3):471-9. doi: 10.3382/ps.0660471.
Experimental control Strains 30, representative of commercial broiler dam stocks in the late 1970's, and K, representative of commercial broiler stocks of 20 years earlier, were compared. Development of carcass fatness and related traits and physiological traits from 3 to 17 weeks of age were studied. About 12 chickens of mixed sex of each strain were bled and killed at 2-week intervals beginning at 3 weeks of age for measurement of traits. From 3 to 17 weeks of age, percentage abdominal fat of carcass, carcass fat (ether extract) and plasma very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) increased with age. Percentage carcass nitrogen, ash, and water, lipase activity of abdominal fat expressed per mg protein or per g of fat (LIP/g F), and protein concentration of the abdominal fat enzyme preparation (P/ml EPrep) decreased with age. Strain 30 had a higher percentage of abdominal fat and carcass fat, but less carcass nitrogen, ash, and water than Strain K, although there were interactions with sex and age. For physiological traits, Strain 30 had more LIP/g F and less P/ml EPrep than Strain K. Males had lower percentages of abdominal fat, carcass fat, and plasma VLDL, and higher percentages of carcass nitrogen, ash, and water than females. There were no significant differences between sexes for the other physiological traits. There were significant (P less than .01) partial correlations between plasma VLDL and percentage abdominal fat (.22), and between P/ml EPrep and percentages of abdominal fat (-.25), carcass fat (-.29), carcass nitrogen (.30), and carcass water (.30). These observations in conjunction with multiple regression analyses indicated that, in addition to plasma VLDL, protein concentration of adipose tissue expressed as P/ml EPrep might be a useful predictor of fatness in chickens.
实验对照 对代表20世纪70年代末商业肉种鸡群体的30号品系和代表20年前商业肉鸡群体的K号品系进行了比较。研究了3至17周龄期间胴体脂肪度及相关性状和生理性状的发育情况。每个品系约12只混合性别的鸡，从3周龄开始每隔2周采血并宰杀，以测量各项性状。在3至17周龄期间，胴体腹部脂肪百分比、胴体脂肪（乙醚提取物）和血浆极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）随年龄增长而增加。胴体氮、灰分和水分百分比，以每毫克蛋白质或每克脂肪表示的腹部脂肪脂肪酶活性（LIP/g F），以及腹部脂肪酶制剂的蛋白质浓度（P/ml EPrep）随年龄增长而降低。30号品系的腹部脂肪和胴体脂肪百分比高于K号品系，但胴体氮、灰分和水分含量低于K号品系，尽管存在性别和年龄的交互作用。在生理性状方面，30号品系的LIP/g F比K号品系高，P/ml EPrep比K号品系低。雄性的腹部脂肪、胴体脂肪和血浆VLDL百分比低于雌性，而胴体氮、灰分和水分百分比高于雌性。其他生理性状在性别之间没有显著差异。血浆VLDL与腹部脂肪百分比之间（.22），以及P/ml EPrep与腹部脂肪百分比（-.25）、胴体脂肪（-.29）、胴体氮（.30）和胴体水分（.30）之间存在显著（P小于.01）的偏相关。这些观察结果与多元回归分析表明，除了血浆VLDL外，以P/ml EPrep表示的脂肪组织蛋白质浓度可能是鸡脂肪度的一个有用预测指标。
