2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Nat Rev Urol. 2022 Nov;19(11):637-658. doi: 10.1038/s41585-022-00624-y. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
Stage I testicular cancer is a disease restricted to the testicle. After orchiectomy, patients are considered to be without disease; however, the tumour is prone to relapse in ~4-50% of patients. Current predictive markers of relapse, which are tumour size and invasion to rete testis (in seminoma) or lymphovascular invasion (in non-seminoma), have limited clinical utility and are unable to correctly predict relapse in a substantial proportion of patients. Adjuvant therapeutic strategies based on available biomarkers can lead to overtreatment of 50-85% of patients. Discovery and implementation of novel biomarkers into treatment decision making will help to reduce the burden of adjuvant treatments and improve patient selection for adjuvant therapy.
I 期睾丸癌是一种局限于睾丸的疾病。睾丸切除术后，患者被认为无疾病；然而，肿瘤在~4-50%的患者中容易复发。目前，复发的预测标志物是肿瘤大小和 rete testis 的侵犯（在精原细胞瘤中）或淋巴血管侵犯（在非精原细胞瘤中），但这些标志物的临床实用性有限，无法正确预测相当一部分患者的复发。基于现有生物标志物的辅助治疗策略可能导致 50-85%的患者过度治疗。将新的生物标志物应用于治疗决策的发现和实施将有助于减轻辅助治疗的负担，并改善辅助治疗的患者选择。
