Saito Ryo, Takahagi Shunsuke, Nakano Fumi, Furutani Kiyoshi, Mihara Shoji, Numata Tsunemi, Kameyoshi Yoshikazu, Tanaka Toshihiko, Shindo Hajime, Niimi Naomasa, Iwamoto Kazumasa, Hiragun Takaaki, Hiragun Makiko, Tanaka Akio, Hide Michihiro
Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Furutani Dermatology Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.
J Dermatol. 2022 Dec;49(12):1255-1262. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.16562. Epub 2022 Aug 26.
The prevalence of urticaria has been reported mostly in Europe and North America. However, precise information regarding its subtypes and clinical characteristics in primary care practice, especially in Asian countries, are scant. Patients with urticaria and/or angioedema who visited nine primary clinics of accredited dermatologists and allergologists in Japan were recruited from October to November 2020. The information of age, sex, disease duration, urticaria control test (UCT), and concomitant urticaria subtypes were collected. A total of 1061 patients participated. The number of patients was high in the 20 to 50 age groups with a peak in the 40s. The most frequent urticaria subtype was chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) followed by dermographism, acute spontaneous urticaria (ASU), angioedema, and cholinergic urticaria (CholU) (66.8%, 22.7%, 18.9%, 14.1% and 5.7% in all patients with urticaria). CSU development increased with age from the 20s to 50s, especially in females. Dermographism had a peak in the 40s. ASU had bimodal peaks in childhood and in the 30s. CholU was common in males in the 10-20s. Most angioedema patients were female with an increase in their 30s. Angioedema was solely present in 14 of 1061 participants (1.3%), while 136 (12.8%) had angioedema concomitant with urticaria. UCT showed poorly controlled urticaria with lower scores in patients with concomitant CSU and other subtypes than in those with CSU alone. Urticaria tends to develop in young to middle-aged females. The most common urticaria subtype is CSU, while the number of patients with CholU is high and that of angioedema is low in Japan.
荨麻疹的患病率大多是在欧洲和北美报道的。然而，关于其在初级保健实践中的亚型和临床特征的精确信息却很少，尤其是在亚洲国家。2020年10月至11月，招募了在日本九家获得认可的皮肤科医生和过敏症专科医生的初级诊所就诊的荨麻疹和/或血管性水肿患者。收集了年龄、性别、病程、荨麻疹控制测试（UCT）以及伴随的荨麻疹亚型等信息。共有1061名患者参与。20至50岁年龄组的患者数量较多，40多岁达到峰值。最常见的荨麻疹亚型是慢性自发性荨麻疹（CSU），其次是皮肤划痕症、急性自发性荨麻疹（ASU）、血管性水肿和胆碱能性荨麻疹（CholU）（在所有荨麻疹患者中分别为66.8%、22.7%、18.9%、14.1%和5.7%）。CSU的发病率从20多岁到50多岁随年龄增长而增加，尤其是在女性中。皮肤划痕症在40多岁达到峰值。ASU在儿童期和30多岁时有双峰峰值。CholU在10至20多岁的男性中较为常见。大多数血管性水肿患者为女性，在30多岁时有所增加。血管性水肿仅出现在1061名参与者中的14人（1.3%）中，而136人（12.8%）的血管性水肿与荨麻疹同时存在。UCT显示，与仅患有CSU的患者相比，伴有CSU和其他亚型的患者荨麻疹控制不佳，得分较低。荨麻疹倾向于在年轻至中年女性中发生。在日本，最常见的荨麻疹亚型是CSU，而CholU患者数量较多，血管性水肿患者数量较少。
