The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, WuXi 214122, People's Republic of China.
The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, WuXi 214122, People's Republic of China.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2022 Oct;118:103389. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2022.103389. Epub 2022 Aug 24.
DNA recombination repair systems are essential for organisms to maintain genomic stability. In recent years, we have improved our understanding of the mechanisms of RecBCD/AddAB family-mediated DNA double-strand break repair. In E. coli, it is RecBCD that plays a central role, and in Firmicute Bacillus subtilis it is the AddAB complex that functions. However, there are open questions about the mechanism of DNA repair in bacteria. For example, how bacteria containing crossover hotspot instigator (Chi) sites regulate the activity of proteins. In addition, we still do not know the exact process by which the RecB nuclease or AddA nuclease structural domains load RecA onto DNA. We also know little about the mechanism of DNA repair in the industrially important production bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum). Therefore, exploring DNA repair mechanisms in bacteria may not only deepen our understanding of the DNA repair process in this species but also guide us in the targeted treatment of diseases associated with recombination defects, such as cancer. In this paper, we firstly review the classical proteins RecBCD and AddAB involved in DNA recombination repair, secondly focus on the novel helical nuclease AdnAB found in the genus Mycobacterium.
DNA 重组修复系统对于维持基因组稳定性至关重要。近年来，我们对 RecBCD/AddAB 家族介导的 DNA 双链断裂修复机制有了更深入的了解。在大肠杆菌中，起核心作用的是 RecBCD，而在厚壁菌门的枯草芽孢杆菌中，起作用的是 AddAB 复合物。然而，关于细菌中 DNA 修复的机制仍存在一些悬而未决的问题。例如，含有交叉热点引发（Chi）位点的细菌如何调节蛋白质的活性。此外，我们还不知道 RecB 核酸酶或 AddA 核酸酶结构域将 RecA 加载到 DNA 上的确切过程。我们对工业上重要的生产菌谷氨酸棒杆菌（Corynebacterium glutamicum）中的 DNA 修复机制也知之甚少。因此，探索细菌中的 DNA 修复机制不仅可以加深我们对该物种中 DNA 修复过程的理解，还可以指导我们针对与重组缺陷相关的疾病（如癌症）进行靶向治疗。在本文中，我们首先回顾了参与 DNA 重组修复的经典蛋白 RecBCD 和 AddAB，其次重点介绍了分枝杆菌属中发现的新型螺旋核酸酶 AdnAB。
