Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Faculty of Electrical, Biomedical and Mechatronics Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
J Safety Res. 2022 Sep;82:430-437. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2022.07.010. Epub 2022 Jul 26.
Aggressive driving is the leading behavior resulting in fatal or nonfatal disabling injuries. Therefore, programs with the main focus on driving behavior could reduce the risk of traffic injuries remarkably. We aimed to investigate the role of non-punitive performance feedback on drivers' behavior and evaluate the persistence of the altered behavior by using in-vehicle telematics.
This study was done as a randomized controlled trial by repeated-measures design to evaluate the non-punitive behavioral intervention's efficacy on the behavioral transition to safer driving for 1,289 bus and 104 taxi drivers. All participants were studied during 17 weeks through three stages: stage 0 (five weeks for collecting the baseline characteristics of the participants), stage 1 (nine weeks for randomizing the participants into intervention group or control group and sending the intervention group feedback via short message service), and stage 2 (three weeks for following-up the participants without sending feedback). The intervention group drivers received weekly text messages about the driving score and drivers' rank within their peer group.The study's primary outcome was the driver score changing pattern throughout the study calculated by a neuro-fuzzy scoring system composed of four factors: speed violation, harsh acceleration, harsh braking, and harsh turning.
Among the bus drivers, a significant positive effect of the intervention was found in stage 1 (P<0.0001) and in stage 2 (P<0.0001) regarding the calculated scoring system. Among the taxi drivers, a significant positive effect of the intervention was found in stage 1 (P<0.0001), but the effect was not significant in stage 2 (P=0.15).
The results of this study were in favor of using telematics and its positive effect on driving performance. The reformed behavior persisted even after the intervention ceased.
Behavioral interventions could be considered a promising strategy to enhance and promote safe driving performance.
激进驾驶是导致致命或非致命致残伤害的主要行为。因此，以驾驶行为为主要重点的项目可以显著降低交通伤害的风险。我们旨在通过车载远程信息处理来调查非惩罚性绩效反馈对驾驶员行为的作用，并评估改变行为的持久性。
这项研究是通过重复测量设计进行的随机对照试验，旨在评估非惩罚性行为干预对 1289 名公交车和 104 名出租车司机安全驾驶行为转变的效果。所有参与者在 17 周内通过三个阶段进行研究：阶段 0（五周用于收集参与者的基线特征）、阶段 1（九周用于将参与者随机分为干预组或对照组，并通过短信服务向干预组发送反馈）和阶段 2（三周用于随访参与者，不发送反馈）。干预组驾驶员每周都会收到有关驾驶评分和在同行群体中排名的短信。该研究的主要结果是通过由四个因素组成的神经模糊评分系统计算出的驾驶员评分变化模式：超速违规、急加速、急刹车和急转弯。
在公交车驾驶员中，干预组在第 1 阶段（P<0.0001）和第 2 阶段（P<0.0001）中均发现干预的显著积极效果。在出租车司机中，干预组在第 1 阶段（P<0.0001）中发现干预的显著积极效果，但在第 2 阶段（P=0.15）中效果不显著。
这项研究的结果支持使用远程信息处理及其对驾驶性能的积极影响。即使干预停止后，改革后的行为仍然持续。
行为干预可以被视为提高和促进安全驾驶行为的有前途的策略。
