Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2022 Aug 28;22(1):351. doi: 10.1186/s12886-022-02576-8.
This study was performed to investigate the association between symptoms and signs in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
Data were obtained from 122 MGD patients who were recruited for intense pulsed light therapy from November 2017 to April 2018 and the severity of their symptoms and signs at baseline were observed and recorded. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to analyze the relationships between SPEED score and signs. Subjects were divided into different subgroups based on possible influencing factors, and the differences in symptoms and signs were compared between different subgroups. Then influencing factors were controlled by regression analysis to explore the relationship between symptoms and signs and the strong factors affecting symptoms and signs.
Analysis of baseline data showed that SPEED scores were not correlated with TBUT, CFSS, MGYSS or any index of eyelid margin abnormality (p > 0.05). In addition, abnormalities of lid margins, including hyperemia, thickening, rounding, hyperkeratinization, and telangiectasia around orifices, were more likely to occur in older patients, menopausal patients, and patients living in northern China. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that there was still no correlation between symptoms and signs (p > 0.05) after adjusting for influencing factors. Further analysis suggested that each influencing factor has different effects on symptoms and signs, among which menopause affects the SPEED score (R = -4.112, p = 0.025), and age and region have significant effects on eyelid margin abnormalities.
In conclusion, the results demonstrated a poor correlation between symptoms and signs in MGD patients. Age, hormone, and a dry environment may influence the disease, which suggests that the severity of the disease needs to be comprehensively assessed.
本研究旨在探讨睑板腺功能障碍（MGD）患者的症状和体征之间的关系。
本研究纳入了 2017 年 11 月至 2018 年 4 月期间因强脉冲光治疗而招募的 122 例 MGD 患者，观察并记录了他们在基线时的症状和体征的严重程度。采用 Spearman 相关分析来分析 SPEED 评分与体征之间的关系。根据可能的影响因素将受试者分为不同亚组，并比较不同亚组之间症状和体征的差异。然后通过回归分析控制影响因素，以探讨症状和体征与影响症状和体征的强因素之间的关系。
基线数据分析表明，SPEED 评分与 TBUT、CFSS、MGYSS 或任何眼睑缘异常指标均无相关性（p>0.05）。此外，眼睑缘异常，包括充血、增厚、变圆、角化过度和口周毛细血管扩张，在老年患者、绝经后患者和生活在北方的患者中更易发生。多元线性回归分析表明，调整影响因素后，症状和体征之间仍无相关性（p>0.05）。进一步分析表明，每个影响因素对症状和体征的影响不同，其中绝经影响 SPEED 评分（R=-4.112，p=0.025），年龄和地区对眼睑缘异常有显著影响。
总之，MGD 患者的症状和体征之间相关性较差。年龄、激素和干燥的环境可能会影响疾病，这表明需要综合评估疾病的严重程度。
