Zhang Xiyang, Yu Ronglan, Xie Yanqing, Yu Ri-Qing, Wu Yuping
School of Marine Sciences, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China.
Department of Biology, Center for Environment, Biodiversity and Conservation, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75799, United States.
Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Sep 20;56(18):13046-13057. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02780. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
Marine mammals often accumulate high levels of environmental contaminants, even those that are globally regulated regarding usage, raising concerns about their health status. Here, we conducted the first investigation of tissue distribution, spatiotemporal trends, and potential risks of six organotin compounds (OTs) in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins ( = 101) from the northern South China Sea during 2003-2021. We detected the highest level of hepatic triphenyltin in these humpback dolphins compared with the results reported in cetaceans globally, and the liver accumulated the highest OT concentrations than other analyzed tissues. Despite the downward trend of butyltins in humpback dolphins after the global ban on the use of OTs as antifouling paints, levels of phenyltins have continued to increase over the past 20 years, suggesting that the other applications of phenyltins in South China remain prevalent. In vitro and in vivo analyses revealed that tissue-relevant doses of OTs could induce agonistic effects on the dolphin peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ as a master regulator of lipid homeostasis and altered the dolphin fatty acid profiles. Our results highlight the lipid-disrupting effects of current OT exposure in humpback dolphins and emphasize the need for further efforts to eliminate OT contamination in South China.
海洋哺乳动物常常会积累高水平的环境污染物，即便这些污染物在全球范围内都受到使用方面的管制，这引发了人们对它们健康状况的担忧。在此，我们首次对2003年至2021年期间来自中国南海北部的印太驼海豚（ = 101）体内六种有机锡化合物（OTs）的组织分布、时空趋势及潜在风险展开调查。与全球鲸类动物的报告结果相比，我们在这些驼海豚中检测到肝脏中三苯基锡的含量最高，且肝脏积累的OT浓度高于其他分析组织。尽管在全球禁止将OTs用作防污涂料后，驼海豚体内的丁基锡呈下降趋势，但在过去20年里，苯基锡的含量持续上升，这表明苯基锡在中国南方的其他应用仍然普遍。体外和体内分析表明，与组织相关剂量的OTs可对作为脂质稳态主要调节因子的海豚过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ产生激动作用，并改变海豚的脂肪酸谱。我们的研究结果凸显了当前OT暴露对驼海豚的脂质破坏作用，并强调需要进一步努力消除中国南方的OT污染。
