Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.
Front Immunol. 2022 Aug 11;13:819574. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.819574. eCollection 2022.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is a complex disease which immune response can be more or less potent. In severe cases, patients might experience a cytokine storm that compromises their vital functions and impedes clearance of the infection. Gamma delta (γδ) T lymphocytes have a critical role initiating innate immunity and shaping adaptive immune responses, and they are recognized for their contribution to tumor surveillance, fighting infectious diseases, and autoimmunity. γδ T cells exist as both circulating T lymphocytes and as resident cells in different mucosal tissues, including the lungs and their critical role in other respiratory viral infections has been demonstrated. In the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, γδ T cell responses are understudied. This review summarizes the findings on the antiviral role of γδ T cells in COVID-19, providing insight into how they may contribute to the control of infection in the mild/moderate clinical outcome.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）引起。COVID-19 是一种复杂的疾病，其免疫反应可能或多或少强烈。在严重的情况下，患者可能会经历细胞因子风暴，这会损害他们的重要功能并阻碍感染的清除。γδ（γδ）T 淋巴细胞在启动先天免疫和塑造适应性免疫反应方面起着关键作用，它们因有助于肿瘤监测、对抗传染病和自身免疫而受到认可。γδ T 细胞既作为循环 T 淋巴细胞存在，也作为不同黏膜组织（包括肺部）的常驻细胞存在，其在其他呼吸道病毒感染中的关键作用已得到证实。在 SARS-CoV-2 感染的情况下，γδ T 细胞反应的研究还很不足。本综述总结了 γδ T 细胞在 COVID-19 中的抗病毒作用的研究结果，深入了解它们如何有助于控制轻度/中度临床结果的感染。
