Kaur A, Singla R K, Sharma R K
Department of Anatomy, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
Department of Anatomy, GMC, Patiala, Punjab, India.
Maedica (Bucur). 2022 Jun;17(2):357-362. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2022.17.2.357.
Foramen ovale is one of the most significant foramina of skull base and transmits mandibular nerve. Its detailed knowledge is crucial in treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and various diagnostic practices. Aim of the study was to provide anatomical data of foramen ovale regarding number, shape, diameters and its relation to nearby bony landmarks. The present study was ethically approved and 100 dry adult human skulls were included in the study to evaluate 200 foramina ovale. Non-metric parameters were observed and metric parameters were measured with Vernier calliper and goniometer. Different kinds of shapes were found in foramen ovale. Variant features in the form of bony spine, ridge, foramen or bar were identified. The means of anteroposterior and transverse diameter of foramen ovale were found to be 8.16 and 4.97 mm on the right side, and 7.68 and 4.74 mm on the left side. The mean distance of its anterior and posterior ends from the midsagittal plane were 22.69 and 28.92 mm on the right side, and 22.18 and 22.66 mm on the left side. Distance from the lateral border of foramen ovale to the posterior end of zygoma and midpoint of infratemporal crest was found to be 30.65 and 21.05 mm on the right, and 30.30 and 20.87 mm on the left side. The mean of angle of foramen ovale with midsagittal was 45.44º on the right side and 45.78º on the left side. Variations found in foramen ovale are key points to keep in mind while operating in this region. Measured metric parameters were found to a higher extent on the right side than the left one. The present study will be helpful for both further research and neurosurgeons operating in this region.
卵圆孔是颅底最重要的孔道之一，可传导下颌神经。对其详细了解在三叉神经痛的治疗及各种诊断操作中至关重要。本研究的目的是提供关于卵圆孔的数量、形状、直径及其与附近骨性标志关系的解剖学数据。本研究经伦理批准，纳入100个干燥的成人颅骨以评估200个卵圆孔。观察非测量参数，并用游标卡尺和量角器测量测量参数。卵圆孔发现有不同的形状。识别出以骨棘、骨嵴、孔或骨条形式存在的变异特征。卵圆孔前后径的平均值在右侧为8.16mm，左侧为7.68mm；横径在右侧为4.97mm，左侧为4.74mm。其前端和后端距正中矢状面的平均距离在右侧分别为22.69mm和28.92mm，左侧分别为22.18mm和22.66mm。卵圆孔外侧缘至颧弓后端和颞下嵴中点的距离在右侧分别为30.65mm和21.0,5mm，左侧分别为30.30mm和20.87mm。卵圆孔与正中矢状面夹角的平均值在右侧为45.44°，左侧为45.78°。卵圆孔中发现的变异是在该区域手术时需要牢记的关键点。测量的测量参数在右侧的程度高于左侧。本研究将有助于该区域的进一步研究和神经外科医生的手术操作。
