卵圆孔的解剖变异

Anatomic variations of foramen ovale.

作者信息

Ray B, Gupta N, Ghose S

机构信息

Department of Anatomy, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal.

出版信息

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 2005 Jan-Mar;3(1):64-8.

PMID:16401947

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Foramen ovale is of great surgical and diagnostic importance in procedures like percutaneous trigeminal rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia, transfacial fine needle aspiration technique in perineural spread of tumour and electroencephalographic analysis for seizure. This study presents the anatomic variations in dimensions, appearance and number of foramen ovale.

METHODS

We studied 35 dried human skulls available in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal college of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal. Variations in appearance and number of foramen ovale were noted. Length and width of foramen ovale was measured. Comparison with other races and differences between right and left sides were also discussed.

RESULTS

Out of 70 sides in 35 adult skulls, mean length and width of foramen ovale was 7.46+/-1.41 mm and 3.21+/-1.02 mm on right side and 7.01+/-1.41 mm and 3.29+/-0.85 mm on left side. Shape of foramen ovale was typically oval in 43, (22 on right, 21 on left) almond shape in 24 (Fig.1, arrowhead; 11 right, 13 left), round in 2(1 right, 1 left) and slit-like in 1(Fig.1, arrow). Bilateral oval foramen was observed in 15 and bilateral almond was in 7. Out of 70 sides in 35 adult skulls 3 (2 left, 1 right) sides had spine on the margin of the foramen (Fig.2, arrow), 3 (2 left, 1 right) had tubercle protruding from the margin (Fig. 3, arrow), 2 (1 left, 1 right) sides had bridge like bony spur dividing the foramen into two compartments(Fig. 2, arrowhead), 9 (5 left, 4 right) had bony plate on the margin of foramen ovale (Fig. 4, arrow). Variant foramen ovale was observed in 24.2%.

CONCLUSION

Anatomical variations in size and shape of foramen ovale could be explained by developmental reasons. Considering the immense surgical and diagnostic importance of foramen ovale, this study was worthwhile.

摘要

目的

卵圆孔在三叉神经痛的经皮三叉神经感觉根切断术、肿瘤神经周围扩散的经面细针穿刺技术以及癫痫的脑电图分析等手术和诊断过程中具有重要意义。本研究展示了卵圆孔在尺寸、外观和数量上的解剖变异。

方法

我们研究了尼泊尔博卡拉马尼帕尔医学科学学院解剖学系提供的35个干燥人类颅骨。记录卵圆孔外观和数量的变异情况。测量卵圆孔的长度和宽度。还讨论了与其他种族的比较以及左右两侧的差异。

结果

在35个成人颅骨的70侧中，右侧卵圆孔的平均长度和宽度分别为7.46±1.41毫米和3.21±1.02毫米，左侧分别为7.01±1.41毫米和3.29±0.85毫米。卵圆孔形状典型为椭圆形的有43侧（右侧为22侧，左侧为21侧），杏仁形的有24侧（图1，箭头所指处；右侧为11侧，左侧为13侧），圆形的有2侧（右侧1侧，左侧1侧），裂隙状的有1侧（图1，箭头）。观察到双侧椭圆形卵圆孔的有15例，双侧杏仁形的有7例。在35个成人颅骨的70侧中，有3侧（左侧2侧，右侧1侧）在卵圆孔边缘有棘（图2，箭头），3侧（左侧2侧，右侧1侧）有从边缘突出的结节（图3，箭头），2侧（左侧1侧，右侧1侧）有桥状骨嵴将卵圆孔分为两个腔室（图2，箭头所指处），9侧（左侧5侧，右侧4侧）在卵圆孔边缘有骨板（图4,箭头）。观察到变异卵圆孔的占24.2%。